Viksit Bharat, Litmus Test, Data and Facts

Context: The consecration event of Ram temple in Ayodhya is accompanied by hopes for the realisation of Ram Rajya, symbolising communal harmony, women’s safety, and the eradication of poverty.

Viksit Bharat, Litmus Test: Data And Facts

Poverty

• 2 million Indians lifted out of poverty in 9 years based on NMPI (12 indicators including health, education, standard of living, maternal health, and bank accounts).
• India still has 160 million people under extreme poverty (World Bank estimate, $2.15/capita/day income).

Wages

• Real agricultural wages for men (deflated by CPI-AL):
  • 2004-05 to 2008-09: 0.2% annual growth
  • 2009-10 to 2013-14: 8.6% annual growth
  • 2014-15 to 2018-19: 3.3% annual growth
  • 2019-20 to 2023-24: -0.6% annual growth (negative)
• Real rural non-agricultural wages (deflated by CPI-RL):
  • 2004-05 to 2008-09: -0.9% annual decline
  • 2009-10 to 2013-14: 6.9% annual growth
  • 2014-15 to 2018-19: 3% annual growth
  • 2019-20 to 2023-24: -1.4% annual growth (negative)

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Unemployment

• ILO data
  • 2004-05 to 2013-14: ~8.4% average unemployment rate
  • 2014-2024: ~7.9% average unemployment rate
• PLFS data (started collecting information from 2017-18):
  • 2017-18: 6% unemployment rate
  • 2021-22: 4.1% unemployment rate

Agriculture Workforce

• Share of the workforce engaged in agriculture:
  • 1951: 69.7%
  • 2011:6%
  • 2018-19:5%
  • 2019-20:6%
  • 2020-21:5% (reverse migration due to Covid)
  • 2021-22: 45.5%

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