Does ESE have negative marking?

Yes, one-third of marks will be deducted for each wrong answer in the UPSC ESE (IES) Prelims exam. However, there is no negative marking in the Mains exam.

Is UPSC ESE exam tough?

ESE is considered as one of the toughest examination in India due to the difficulty related to the examination and the selection procedure.

What is the paper pattern of IES?

The IES exam pattern consists of a Preliminary Examination with two objective-type papers, General Studies and Engineering Aptitude, and a second paper based on the candidate's engineering discipline.

Is IES tougher than UPSC?

The UPSC IES Syllabus is a relatively easier one than the IAS Syllabus.

Is UPSC ESE exam tough?

ESE is considered as one of the toughest examination in India due to the difficulty related to the examination and the selection procedure.

UPSC ESE Syllabus 2024, Download PDF and Check Exam Pattern

Table of Contents

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) has officially released the UPSC Engineering Services Examination (ESE) Syllabus 2025 on its official website. Candidates preparing for the UPSC IES 2025 must download the syllabus in PDF format and begin their preparation well in advance. The syllabus covers both the Prelims and Mains stages of the exam for the Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, and Electronics & Telecommunications engineering disciplines. This article provides a detailed breakdown of the UPSC ESE 2025 syllabus, covering the exam pattern, subject-wise syllabus for Prelims and Mains, preparation tips, and more.

UPSC ESE Exam 2025

The preliminary examination consists of two papers; paper 1 has questions based on general studies and engineering aptitude, while paper 2 has questions based on the candidate’s chosen engineering stream. Additionally, there are two descriptive papers in the UPSC IES main exam. The main exam questions are solely dependent on the candidate’s chosen engineering specialty. The candidates can check the overview of the UPSC ESE Exam 2025.

Feature	Details
Conducting Authority	Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)
Post Name	IES Officers (Grade A)
Total Vacancies	457
Educational Qualification	BE/B.Tech in relevant engineering disciplines
Age Limit	21-30 years
Application Fees	Rs. 200 for UR/OBC/EWS; Nil for SC/ST/PwBD/Ex-Servicemen/Female
Selection Process	Prelims, Mains, Personality Test
Application Last Dates	November 22, 2024 (6:00 PM)
Prelims Exam Date	February 9, 2025
Mains Exam Date	June 22, 2025
Official Website	upsconline.nic.in

UPSC ESE Syllabus 2025

Both the preliminaries and the mains of the UPSC IES (Indian Engineering Services) examination are written examinations. The first of the two exams in the preliminary examination will contain questions on general knowledge and engineering aptitude that apply to all applicants. The questions in Paper 2 will be based on the stream.

Two descriptive papers based on the engineering stream will be included in the mains exam. We will cover the UPSC IES syllabus for Civil, Electrical, Mechanical, Electronics, and Telecommunication since the exam is subject-specific. The UPSC ESE Syllabus for each topic is listed below in detail in the PDF.

UPSC ESE Syllabus for Prelims

Questions in this part will be focused on current news and events as well as the fundamentals of engineering. The following is a list of crucial subjects:

UPSC IES Syllabus
Current issues (national and international) Environment: Conservation, environmental pollution, Climate Change, etc. Production & construction Maintenance General Principles of Design & Drawing, Importance of Safety Material Science	Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) Project Management Ethics and values in the Engineering profession Basics of Energy Logical reasoning and Analytical ability Engineering Mathematics

UPSC ESE Syllabus for Mains

The table below is a list of the topics covered in the civil engineering, electronics and telecommunications engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, main exam syllabuses.

Download UPSC ESE Syllabus for Mains PDF

UPSC ESE General Studies and Engineering Aptitude Syllabus

The topics covered under General Studies and Engineering Aptitude section are as follows:

Current Affairs (National and International) related to social, economic, and industrial development
Engineering Aptitude (Logical reasoning and Analytical Ability)
Engineering Mathematics & Numerical Analysis
General Principles of Design, Drawing, Importance of Safety
Standards and Quality practices in production, construction, maintenance, and services
Basics of Energy and Environment
Basics of Project Management
Basics of Material Science and Engineering
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) based tools and their applications
Ethics and values in the Engineering profession

UPSC ESE Civil Engineering Syllabus

The UPSC ESE Syllabus for Civil Engineering is provided here for both the Prelims and Mains Exam:

UPSC ESE Civil Engineering Syllabus 2025
Sl. No.	Subject	Syllabus
Paper 1 Syllabus
1.	Building Materials	Stone, Lime, Glass, Plastics, Steel, FRP, Ceramics, Aluminum, Fly Ash, Basic Admixtures, Timber, Bricks and Aggregates: Classification, properties and selection criteria; Cement: Types, Composition, Properties, Uses, Specifications and various Tests; Lime & Cement Mortars and Concrete: Properties and various Tests; Design of Concrete Mixes: Proportioning of aggregates and methods of mix design.
2.	Solid Mechanics	Elastic constants, Stress, plane stress, Strains, plane strain, Mohr’s circle of stress and strain, Elastic theories of failure, Principal Stresses, Bending, Shear and Torsion.
3.	Structural Analysis	Basics of strength of materials, Types of stresses and strains, Bending moments and shear force, concept of bending and shear stresses; Analysis of determinate and indeterminate structures; Trusses, beams, plane frames; Rolling loads, Influence Lines, Unit load method & other methods; Free and Forced vibrations of single degree and multi degree freedom system; Suspended Cables; Concepts and use of Computer Aided Design.
4.	Design of Steel Structures	Principles of Working Stress methods, Design of tension and compression members, Design of beams and beam column connections, built-up sections, Girders, Industrial roofs, Principles of Ultimate load design.
5.	Design of Concrete and Masonry Structures	Limit state design for bending, shear, axial compression and combined forces; Design of beams, Slabs, Lintels, Foundations, Retaining walls, Tanks, Staircases; Principles of pre-stressed concrete design including materials and methods; Earthquake resistant design of structures; Design of Masonry Structure.
6.	Construction Practice, Planning and Management	Construction – Planning, Equipment, Site investigation and Management including Estimation with latest project management tools and network analysis for different Types of works; Analysis of Rates of various types of works; Tendering Process and Contract Management, Quality Control, Productivity, Operation Cost; Land acquisition; Labour safety and welfare.
Paper 2 Syllabus
7.	Flow of Fluids, Hydraulic Machines and Hydro Power	(a) Fluid Mechanics, Open Channel Flow, Pipe Flow: Fluid properties; Dimensional Analysis and Modeling; Fluid dynamics including flow kinematics and measurements; Flow net; Viscosity, Boundary layer and control, Drag, Lift, Principles in open channel flow, Flow controls. Hydraulic jump; Surges; Pipe networks. (b) Hydraulic Machines and Hydro Power: Various pumps, Air vessels, Hydraulic turbines – types, classifications & performance parameters; Power house – classification and layout, storage, pondage, control of supply.
8.	Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering	Hydrological cycle, Ground water hydrology, Well hydrology and related data analysis; Streams and their gauging; River morphology; Flood, drought and their management; Capacity of Reservoirs. Water Resources Engineering : Multipurpose uses of Water, River basins and their potential; Irrigation systems, water demand assessment; Resources – storages and their yields; Water logging, canal and drainage design, Gravity dams, falls, weirs, Energy dissipaters, barrage Distribution works, Cross drainage works and head-works and their design; Concepts in canal design, construction & maintenance; River training, measurement and analysis of rainfall.
9.	Environmental Engineering	(a) Water Supply Engineering: Sources, Estimation, quality standards and testing of water and their treatment; Rural, Institutional and industrial water supply; Physical, chemical and biological characteristics and sources of water, Pollutants in water and its effects, Estimation of water demand; Drinking water Standards, Water Treatment Plants, Water distribution networks. (b) Waste Water Engineering: Planning & design of domestic waste water, sewage collection and disposal; Plumbing Systems. Components and layout of sewerage system; Planning & design of Domestic Wastewater disposal system; Sludge management including treatment, disposal and re-use of treated effluents; Industrial waste waters and Effluent Treatment Plants including institutional and industrial sewage management. (c) Solid Waste Management: Sources & classification of solid wastes along with planning & design of its management system; Disposal system, Beneficial aspects of wastes, and Utilization by Civil Engineers. (d) Air, Noise pollution and Ecology: Concepts & general methodology.
10.	Geo-technical Engineering and Foundation Engineering	(a) Geo-technical Engineering: Soil exploration – planning & methods, Properties of soil, classification, various tests and interrelationships; Permeability & Seepage, Compressibility, consolidation and Shearing resistance, Earth pressure theories and stress distribution in soil; Properties and uses of geo-synthetics. (b) Foundation Engineering: Types of foundations & selection criteria, bearing capacity, settlement analysis, design and testing of shallow & deep foundations; Slope stability analysis, Earthen embankments, Dams and Earth retaining structures: types, analysis and design, Principles of ground modifications.
11.	Surveying and Geology	(a) Surveying: Classification of surveys, various methodologies, instruments & analysis of measurement of distances, elevation and directions; Field astronomy, Global Positioning System; Map preparation; Photogrammetry; Remote sensing concepts; Survey Layout for culverts, canals, bridges, road/railway alignment and buildings, Setting out of Curves. (b) Geology: Basic knowledge of Engineering geology & its application in projects
12.	Transportation Engineering	Highways – Planning & construction methodology, Alignment, and geometric design; Traffic Surveys and Controls; Principles of Flexible and Rigid pavement design. Tunneling – Alignment, methods of construction, disposal of muck, drainage, lighting, and ventilation. Railways Systems – Terminology, Planning, designs, and maintenance practices; track modernization. Harbors – Terminology, layouts, and planning. Airports – Layout, planning & design.

UPSC ESE Mechanical Engineering Syllabus

The detailed syllabus for the Mechanical Engineering section for the UPSC ESE Exam 2024 is tabulated below:

UPSC ESE Mechanical Engineering Syllabus
Sl. No.	Subject	Syllabus
Paper 1 Syllabus
1.	Fluid Mechanics	Basic Concepts and Properties of Fluids, Manometry, Fluid Statics, Buoyancy, Equations of Motion, Bernoulli’s equation and applications, Viscous flow of incompressible fluids, Laminar and Turbulent flows, Flow through pipes and head losses in pipes.
2.	Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer	Thermodynamic systems and processes; properties of pure substance; Zeroth, First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics; Entropy, Irreversibility and availability; analysis of thermodynamic cycles related to energy conversion: Rankine, Otto, Diesel and Dual Cycles; ideal and real gases; compressibility factor; Gas mixtures. Modes of heat transfer, Steady and unsteady heat conduction, Thermal resistance, Fins, Free and forced convection, Correlations for convective heat transfer, Radiative heat transfer – Radiation heat transfer co-efficient; boiling and condensation, Heat exchanger performance analysis.
3.	IC Engines, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning	SI and CI Engines, Engine Systems and Components, Performance characteristics and testing of IC Engines; Fuels; Emissions and Emission Control. Vapour compression refrigeration, Refrigerants and Working cycles, Compressors, Condensers, Evaporators and Expansion devices, and Other types of refrigeration systems like Vapour Absorption, Vapour jet, thermo electric, and Vortex tube refrigeration. Psychometric properties and processes, Comfort chart, Comfort and industrial air conditioning, Load calculations and Heat pumps.
4.	Turbo Machinery	Reciprocating and Rotary pumps, Pelton wheel, Kaplan and Francis Turbines, velocity diagrams, Impulse and Reaction principles, Steam and Gas Turbines, Theory of Jet Propulsion – Pulse jet and Ram Jet Engines, Reciprocating and Rotary Compressors – Theory and Applications
5.	Power Plant Engineering	Rankine and Brayton cycles with regeneration and reheat, Fuels and their properties, Flue gas analysis, Boilers, steam turbines, and other power plant components like condensers, air ejectors, electrostatic precipitators and cooling towers – their theory and design, types and applications;
6.	Renewable Sources of Energy	Solar Radiation, Solar Thermal Energy collection – Flat Plate and focusing collectors their materials and performance. Solar Thermal Energy Storage, Applications – heating, cooling, and Power Generation; Solar Photovoltaic Conversion; Harnessing of Wind Energy, Bio-mass and Tidal Energy – Methods and Applications, Working principles of Fuel Cells.
Paper 2 Syllabus
7.	Engineering Mechanics	Analysis of System of Forces, Friction, Centroid and Centre of Gravity, Dynamics; Stresses and Strains-Compound Stresses and Strains, Bending Moment and Shear Force Diagrams, Theory of Bending Stresses- Slope and deflection-Torsion, Thin and thick Cylinders, Spheres.
8.	Engineering Materials	Basic Crystallography, Alloys and Phase diagrams, Heat Treatment, Ferrous and Non Ferrous Metals, Non metallic materials, Basics of Nano-materials, Mechanical Properties and Testing, Corrosion prevention and control
9.	Mechanisms and Machines	Types of Kinematics Pair, Mobility, Inversions, Kinematic Analysis, Velocity and Acceleration Analysis of Planar Mechanisms, CAMs with uniform acceleration and retardation, cycloidal motion, oscillating followers; Vibrations –Free and forced vibration of undamped and damped SDOF systems, Transmissibility Ratio, Vibration Isolation, Critical Speed of Shafts. Gears – Geometry of tooth profiles, Law of gearing, Involute profile, Interference, Helical, Spiral and Worm Gears, Gear Trains- Simple, compound, and Epicyclic; Dynamic Analysis – Slider – crank mechanisms, turning moment computations, balancing of Revolving & Reciprocating masses, Gyroscopes –Effect of Gyroscopic couple on automobiles, ships, and aircrafts, Governors.
10.	Design of Machine Elements	Design for static and dynamic loading; failure theories; fatigue strength and the S-N diagram; principles of the design of machine elements such as riveted, welded and bolted joints. Shafts, Spur gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings, Brakes and clutches, flywheels.
11.	Manufacturing, Industrial and Maintenance Engineering	Metal casting – Metal forming, Metal Joining, Machining and machine tool operations, Limits, fits and tolerances, Metrology and inspection, computer Integrated manufacturing, FMS, Production planning and Control, Inventory control and operations research – CPM-PERT. Failure concepts and characteristics, Failure analysis, Machine Vibration, Data acquisition, Fault Detection, Vibration Monitoring, Field Balancing of Rotors, Noise Monitoring, Wear and Debris Analysis, Signature Analysis, NDT Techniques in Condition Monitoring.
12.	Mechatronics and Robotics	Microprocessors and Microcontrollers: Architecture, programming, I/O, Computer interfacing, Programmable logic controller. Sensors and actuators, Piezoelectric accelerometer, Hall effect sensor, Optical Encoder, Resolver, Inductosyn, Pneumatic and Hydraulic actuators, stepper motor, Control Systems- Mathematical modeling of Physical systems, control signals, controllability and observability. Robotics, Robot Classification, Robot Specification, notation; Direct and Inverse Kinematics; Homogeneous Coordinates and Arm Equation of four Axis SCARA Robot.

UPSC ESE Electrical Engineering Syllabus

Candidates can check the UPSC ESE Syllabus for Electrical Engineering for Paper 1 and Paper from the below table:

UPSC ESE Electrical Engineering Syllabus
Sl. No.	Subject	Syllabus
Paper 1 Syllabus
1.	Engineering Mathematics	Matrix theory, Eigen values & Eigen vectors, system of linear equations, Numerical methods for the solution of non-linear algebraic equations and differential equations, integral calculus, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, Line, Surface, and Volume Integrals. Fourier series, linear, non-linear and partial differential equations, initial and boundary value problems, complex variables, Taylor’s and Laurent’s series, residue theorem, probability and statistics fundamentals, Sampling theorem, random variables, Normal and Poisson distributions, correlation and regression analysis.
2.	Engineering Materials	Electrical Engineering Materials, crystal structures and defects, ceramic materials, insulating materials, magnetic materials – basics, properties and applications; ferrities, ferro-magnetic materials and components; basics of solid state physics, conductors; Photo-conductivity; Basics of Nano materials and Superconductors.
3.	Electric Circuits and Fields	Circuit elements, network graph, KCL, KVL, Node and Mesh analysis, ideal current and voltage sources, Thevenin’s, Norton’s, Superposition and Maximum Power Transfer theorems, transient response of DC and AC networks, Sinusoidal steady state analysis, basic filter concepts, two-port networks, three phase circuits, Magnetically coupled circuits, Gauss Theorem, electric field and potential due to point, line, plane and spherical charge distributions, Ampere’s and Biot Savart’s laws; inductance, dielectrics, capacitance; Maxwell’s equations.
4.	Electrical and Electronic Measurements	Principles of measurement, accuracy, precision and standards; Bridges and potentiometers; moving coil, moving iron, dynamometer and induction type instruments, measurement of voltage, current, power, energy and power factor, instrument transformers, digital voltmeters and multi-meters, phase, time and frequency measurement, Q-meters, oscilloscopes, potentiometric recorders, error analysis, Basics of sensors, Transducers, basics of data acquisition systems
5.	Computer Fundamentals	Number systems, Boolean algebra, arithmetic functions, Basic Architecture, Central Processing Unit, I/O and Memory Organisation; peripheral devices, data representation and programming, basics of Operating system and networking, virtual memory, file systems; Elements of programming languages, typical examples.
Paper 2 Syllabus
6.	Analog and Digital Electronics	Operational amplifiers – characteristics and applications, combinational and sequential logic circuits, multiplexers, multivibrators, sample and hold circuits, A/D and D/A converters, basics of filter circuits and applications, simple active filters; Microprocessor basics- interfaces and applications, basics of linear integrated circuits; Analog communication basics, Modulation and demodulation, noise and bandwidth, transmitters and receivers, signal to noise ratio, digital communication basics, sampling, quantizing, coding, frequency and time domain multiplexing, power line carrier communication systems.
7.	Systems and Signal Processing	Representation of continuous and discrete-time signals, shifting and scaling operations, linear, time-invariant and causal systems, Fourier series representation of continuous periodic signals, sampling theorem, Fourier and Laplace transforms, Z transforms, Discrete Fourier transform, FFT, linear convolution, discrete cosine transform, FIR filter, IIR filter, bilinear transformation.
8.	Control Systems	Principles of feedback, transfer function, block diagrams and signal flow graphs, steady-state errors, transforms and their applications; Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Nyquist techniques, Bode plots, root loci, lag, lead and lead-lag compensation, stability analysis, transient and frequency response analysis, state space model, state transition matrix, controllability and observability, linear state variable feedback, PID and industrial controllers.
9.	Electrical Machines	Single-phase transformers, three-phase transformers – connections, parallel operation, auto-transformer, energy conversion principles, DC machines – types, windings, generator characteristics, armature reaction and commutation, starting and speed control of motors, Induction motors – principles, types, performance characteristics, starting and speed control, Synchronous machines – performance, regulation, parallel operation of generators, motor starting, characteristics and applications, servo and stepper motors.
10.	Power Systems	Basic power generation concepts, steam, gas and water turbines, transmission line models and performance, cable performance, insulation, corona and radio interference, power factor correction, symmetrical components, fault analysis, principles of protection systems, basics of solid state relays and digital protection; Circuit breakers, Radial and ring-main distribution systems, Matrix representation of power systems, load flow analysis, voltage control and economic operation, System stability concepts, Swing curves and equal area criterion. HVDC transmission and FACTS concepts, Concepts of power system dynamics, distributed generation, solar and wind power, smart grid concepts, environmental implications, fundamentals of power economics.
11.	Power Electronics and Drives	Semiconductor power diodes, transistors, thyristors, triacs, GTOs, MOSFETs and IGBTs – static characteristics and principles of operation, triggering circuits, phase control rectifiers, bridge converters – fully controlled and half controlled, principles of choppers and inverters, basis concepts of adjustable speed DC and AC drives, DC-DC switched mode converters, DC-AC switched-mode converters, resonant converters, high-frequency inductors and transformers, power supplies.

UPSC ESE Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering Syllabus

Candidates must refer to the below table to know the topic-wise UPSC ESE Syllabus for Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering:

UPSC ESE Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
Sl. No.	Subject	Syllabus
Paper 1 Syllabus
1.	Basic Electronics Engineering	Basics of semiconductors; Diode/Transistor basics and characteristics; Diodes for different uses; Junction & Field Effect Transistors (BJTs, JFETs, MOSFETs); Transistor amplifiers of different types, oscillators and other circuits; Basics of Integrated Circuits (ICs); Bipolar, MOS and CMOS ICs; Basics of linear ICs, operational amplifiers and their applications linear/non-linear; Optical sources/detectors; Basics of Opto- electronics and its applications.
2.	Basic Electrical Engineering	DC circuits-Ohm’s & Kirchoff’s laws, mesh and nodal analysis, circuit theorems; Electro-magnetism, Faraday’s & Lenz’s laws, induced EMF and its uses; Single-phase AC circuits; Transformers, efficiency; Basics-DC machines, induction machines, and synchronous machines; Electrical power sources- basics: hydroelectric, thermal, nuclear, wind, solar; Basics of batteries and their uses.
3.	Material Science	Electrical Engineering materials; Crystal structure & defects; Ceramic materials-structures, composites, processing and uses; Insulating laminates for electronics, structures, properties and uses; Magnetic materials, basics, classification, ferrites, ferro/para-magnetic materials and components; Nano materials-basics, preparation, purification, sintering, nano particles and uses; Nano-optical/magnetic/electronic materials and uses; Superconductivity, uses.
4.	Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation	Principles of measurement, accuracy, precision and standards; Analog and Digital systems for measurement, measuring instruments for different applications; Static/dynamic characteristics of measurement systems, errors, statistical analysis and curve fitting; Measurement systems for non-electrical quantities; Basics of telemetry; Different types of transducers and displays; Data acquisition system basics.
5.	Network Theory	Network graphs & matrices; Wye-Delta transformation; Linear constant coefficient differential equations- time domain analysis of RLC circuits; Solution of network equations using Laplace transforms- frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits; 2-port network parameters-driving point & transfer functions; State equations for networks; Steady state sinusoidal analysis.
6.	Analog and Digital Circuits	Small signal equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTS and FETs; Diode circuits for different uses; Biasing & stability of BJT & JFET amplifier circuits; Analysis/design of amplifier- single/multi-stage; Feedback& uses; Active filters, timers, multipliers, wave shaping, A/D-D/A converters; Boolean Algebra& uses; Logic gates, Digital IC families, Combinatorial/sequential circuits; Basics of multiplexers, counters/registers/ memories /microprocessors, design& applications.
Paper 2 Syllabus
7.	Analog and Digital Communication Systems	Small signal equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTS and FETs; Diode circuits for different uses; Biasing & stability of BJT & JFET amplifier circuits; Analysis/design of amplifier- single/multi-stage; Feedback& uses; Active filters, timers, multipliers, wave shaping, A/D-D/A converters; Boolean Algebra& uses; Logic gates, Digital IC families, Combinatorial/sequential circuits; Basics of multiplexers, counters/registers/ memories /microprocessors, design& applications.
8.	Control Systems	Small signal equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTS and FETs; Diode circuits for different uses; Biasing & stability of BJT & JFET amplifier circuits; Analysis/design of amplifier- single/multi-stage; Feedback& uses; Active filters, timers, multipliers, wave shaping, A/D-D/A converters; Boolean Algebra& uses; Logic gates, Digital IC families, Combinatorial/sequential circuits; Basics of multiplexers, counters/registers/ memories /microprocessors, design& applications.
9.	Computer Organization and Architecture	Small signal equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTS and FETs; Diode circuits for different uses; Biasing & stability of BJT & JFET amplifier circuits; Analysis/design of amplifier- single/multi-stage; Feedback& uses; Active filters, timers, multipliers, wave shaping, A/D-D/A converters; Boolean Algebra& uses; Logic gates, Digital IC families, Combinatorial/sequential circuits; Basics of multiplexers, counters/registers/ memories /microprocessors, design& applications.
10.	Electro Magnetics	Elements of vector calculus, Maxwell’s equations-basic concepts; Gauss’, Stokes’ theorems; Wave propagation through different media; Transmission of different types, basics, Smith’s chart, impedance matching/transformation, S-parameters, pulse excitation, uses; Waveguides-basics, rectangular types, modes, cut-off frequency, dispersion, dielectric types; Antennas-radiation pattern, monopoles/dipoles, gain, arrays-active/passive, theory, uses.
11.	Advanced Electronics Topics	VLSI technology: Processing, lithography, interconnects, packaging, testing; VLSI design: Principles, MUX/ROM/PLA-based design, Moore & Mealy circuit design; Pipeline concepts & functions; Design for testability, examples; DSP: Discrete time signals/systems, uses; Digital filters: FIR/IIR types, design, speech/audio/radar signal processing uses; Microprocessors & microcontrollers, basics, interrupts, DMA, instruction sets, interfacing; Controllers & uses; Embedded systems.
12.	Advanced Communication Topics	Communication networks: Principles /practices /technologies /uses /OSI model/security; Basic packet multiplexed streams/scheduling; Cellular networks, types, analysis, protocols (TCP/TCPIP); Microwave & satellite communication: Terrestrial/space type LOS systems, block schematics link calculations, system design; Communication satellites, orbits, characteristics, systems, uses; Fibre-optic communication systems, block schematics, link calculations, system design.

UPSC ESE Exam Pattern

Preliminary exam, main exam, and personality test are the three steps of the UPSC IES/ESE selection process. Both the preliminaries and mains exams’ UPSC IES Exam Patterns have been thoroughly covered.

UPSC ESE Exam Pattern for Prelims

Two papers—one on engineering discipline and the other on general studies and engineering aptitude—will make up the prelims test. These two papers will be of the objective variety. Each incorrect response will result in a deduction of one-third of the total marks.

Paper	Subject	Total Marks	Duration (hours)
Paper 1	General Studies & Engineering Aptitude	200	2 hours
Paper 2	Concerned Engineering Stream	300	3 hours
Total		500	–

UPSC ESE Exam Pattern for Mains

Two papers from the relevant engineering stream that the candidate chooses will make up the main exam. Both essays will be descriptive in style. The main examination will have six papers, each worth 300 points for a total of 600 points.

UPSC IES Mains Exam Pattern
Papers	Marks	Duration
Paper 1 Civil/Electrical/ Mechanical/ Electronics & Telecommunication	300	3 Hours
Paper 2 Civil/Electrical/ Mechanical/ Electronics & Telecommunication	300	3 Hours
Total	600 Marks	6 Hours

UPSC ESE Personal Interview

The interview round carries a 200-point maximum. Personal interviews are centered on your overall personality. A wonderful persona is reflected in their positive outlook, astute body language, effective communication, and current-affairs knowledge. Furthermore, having strong technical knowledge can make a great impression in face-to-face interviews. You will be better prepared if you are familiar with the prior UPSC IES Interview. You have to continually evaluate yourself. You must be