United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (UN CBD)

The United Nations Biodiversity Conference COP16 will take place in Colombia. Countries will evaluate their progress towards the goals and targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (UN-CBD)

It is a multilateral treaty aimed at promoting sustainable development through the conservation of biological diversity. It was an outcome of the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Goals:
- Conservation of biological diversity.
- Sustainable use of its components.
- Fair and equitable sharing of benefits derived from genetic resources.
Key Agreements:
- Cartagena Protocol: Focuses on biosafety and the safe handling of living modified organisms.
- Nagoya Protocol: Adopted in 2010, it addresses access to genetic resources and the fair sharing of benefits arising from their utilisation.
Conference of the Parties (COP): (Held every 2 Years)
- It is the governing body of the CBD, consisting of all governments that have ratified the treaty.
- It reviews progress, sets priorities, and establishes work plans for member nations.
Recent Developments:
- The 15th COP of UN-CBD was held in Montreal, where countries adopted the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, with ambitious goals to reverse biodiversity loss by 2030, including protecting 30% of land and sea areas by 2030.

Facts

It is a legally binding treaty. Countries who join it are obliged to implement its provisions.
All UN members except the USA have ratified this treaty.

UPSC PYQ

Q. Consider the following pairs (2016)

Terms sometimes seen in the news – Their origin