Trachoma Disease Eliminated by India: WHO

Trachoma is a contagious bacterial eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, leading to blindness if untreated. It spreads through contact and poor sanitation. Check here all about the Trachoma Disease.

Context: The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially declared Trachoma eliminated as a public health problem in India. India became the third country in the WHO Southeast Asia Region to achieve this milestone. (After Nepal & Myanmar).

Trachoma Disease

Trachoma Disease is an infectious eye disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.
It is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide and primarily affects people in impoverished regions with limited access to clean water and sanitation.
WHO has termed Trachoma as a Neglected tropical disease (NTD).

Transmission

Through direct contact with eye or nose secretions from infected individuals.
It can also spread via contaminated objects (like towels) and through flies that carry the bacteria.

At-Risk Populations

Preschool-age children are the main reservoir for the infection, but anyone in crowded living conditions without proper hygiene can be affected.
Blindness from trachoma is irreversible.

Prevention and Treatment

No trachoma vaccine is available, but prevention is possible.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the SAFE strategy, which includes:
- Surgery: To correct trichiasis (inward-turning eyelashes).
- Antibiotics: Mass treatment with azithromycin to clear infections.
- Facial Cleanliness: Promoting hygiene to reduce transmission.
- Environmental Improvements: Enhancing access to clean water and sanitation facilities.