The Hindu Newspaper Analysis 2 March 2023

The Hindu Newspaper Analysis for UPSC

The Hindu Newspaper Analysis 1 March 2023

• India on Wednesday called upon G-20 counhttps://www.studyiq.com/articles/the-hindu-newspaper-analysis-27-February-2023/tries to adopt multilateral action for faster extradition of fugitive economic offenders and recovery of assets, both domestically and abroad.
• Chairing the the first anti-corruption working group in Gurugram with co-chair Italy, Union Minister of State Jitendra Singh said, “Economic offences have been a problem faced by many, especially when the offenders flee from the jurisdiction of the country.
• Singh said, as the primary forum for global economic cooperation, G-20 had to take responsibility to lead global efforts against corruption.

 The Hindu Editorial Today

• There can be no hiding behind Russia and China’s argument that war and politics are not the preserve of the G-20.The war in Ukraine is affecting the global economy, climate change, nuclear stability and the Charter principles of the United Nations that underpin the rule of law in international relations.
• At the G-20 Finance Ministers’ meet last week, when for the first time ever, the group could not agree on an outcome document, India found itself in the uneasy situation of having to explain whether it supported its own Chair’s summary, which noted that the majority of states condemned Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and rejected the use or the threat of use of nuclear weapons.
• Condemning Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is not about supporting the United States or encouraging NATO expansion: it is about upholding the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity enshrined in the UN Charter, which Russian military action in Ukraine, with the avowed intention of regime change, has undermined.
• These are also the same principles that India has relied on for international support in the four wars that it has fought since independence.
• After India denied Ukraine’s Finance Minister Serhiy Marchenko an invitation to address the gathering in Bengaluru, Japan, as chair of the G7, invited him to a meeting on the sidelines at which the G7 renewed their financial commitments to Ukraine and discussed further sanctions on Russia.
• What is the G20?
• The G20 was formed in 1999 in the backdrop of the financial crisis of the late 1990s that hit East Asia and Southeast Asia in particular.
• It aims to secure global financial stability by involving middle-income countries.
• Together, the G20 countries include 60% of the world’s population, 80% of global GDP, and 75% of global trade.

Members:

• Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States and the EU.

• Evidently, the representation of females in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) or other math-intensive fields and careers remains far from ‘fair’ or desirable.
• There is a widespread prevalence of the systematic devaluation of girls related to their mathematical aptitude in the classroom, at home, and in society more broadly.
• Many State and central policies and campaigns show that public policy recognises the discrimination and biases that girls face in enrolling and also continuing school.
• There is an urgent need to address this problem to prevent further harm to female education, career choices, and job market opportunities.

• February 2023, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) recently said, had been the warmest since 1901 with the average maximum temperature at nearly 29.54°C.
• A ‘heat wave’ is when actual maximum temperatures are over 45°C or if temperatures are 4.5°C over what is normal for the region. Climate change, studies have reported, has exacerbated the impact of heatwaves in India.
• A Lancet study reported a 55% rise in deaths due to extreme heat and that excessive heat also led to a loss of 167.2 billion potential labour hours among Indians in 2021.
• This, however, should be a wake-up call to buttress public health systems and make them more responsive to the challenges from rising temperatures. Several States have action plans and early warning initiatives but inadequate outreach, particularly in rural India.

• A recent analysis published in The Lancet has concluded that India is not on-target to achieve 19 of the 33 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicators. The critical off-target indicators include access to basic services, wasting and overweight children, anaemia, child marriage, partner violence, tobacco use, and modern contraceptive use.
• For these indicators, more than 75% of the 707 districts analysed were off-target. And these off-target districts are concentrated in the States of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar, and Odisha.
• The SDGs were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 with a vision to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. India is one of the signatory countries that has committed to achieving these goals by 2030. In this analysis, 33 SDG indicators were used to assess nine of the 17 official SDGs.

• Deliveries of five regiments of S-400 air defence systems under a $5.43-billion deal with Russia are expected to be completed by year-end or early 2024, according to official sources.
• Officials had acknowledged that transportation and finding cargo carriers outside the purview of sanctions and their insurance has been a major issue. Insurance and reinsurance is under discussion, also to avoid cargo ships under sanctions, as reported by The Hindu earlier.
• India has contracted five S-400 regiments under a $5.43 billion or ₹40,291 crore deal as per a conversation rate of ₹74.2 against the dollar at the time, signed in October 2018. The deal has been delayed from the start over payment issues. With the looming threat of U.S. sanctions under CAATSA (Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act), the two sides had worked out payments through the rupee-rouble exchange.

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