science and tech

India’s 2028-2029 Iron Dome Deployment, Project Kush and LR-SAM

India Plans to Deploy Indigenous ‘Iron Dome’ by 2028-2029. The system is expected to be able to detect and destroy incoming stealth fighters, drones, cruise missiles, and munitions at ranges of up to 350 kilometers.  The system is being developed...

Humans in Space Policy for India, Implementation and Guidelines 

India's longstanding plan for a human space mission (Gaganyaan) is a decade-long endeavor that, if successful, will place the country among the elite few with human presence in outer space. In pursuit of sustained human space exploration for socio-economic advancement,...

Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), Artificial Sun, Advantages

The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) is a fusion research device located in Hefei, Anhui Province, China. It is one of the leading experimental facilities in the world for the study of nuclear fusion, which is a process that powers...

India’s Nuclear Doctrine, Features, Advances and Criticism

India's Nuclear Doctrine is grounded in a No-First-Use (NFU) policy, committing not to initiate nuclear warfare. It emphasizes Minimum Credible Deterrence, maintaining a nuclear arsenal sufficient for deterrence but not excess. Civilian control ensures that only the Prime Minister holds...

Operation Smiling Buddha, Pokhran Test, Importance and Global Reaction

Operation Smiling Buddha was the code name for India's first successful nuclear bomb test. The test was conducted on May 18, 1974, at the Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan. The bomb was detonated by the Indian Army under the supervision...

Dark Web, Definition, Features, Uses and Concerns

The Dark Web, often shrouded in mystery and intrigue, is a hidden corner of the internet that has captured the curiosity of many. The dark Web is a realm where anonymity is paramount, and conventional search engines won't take you....

Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Member states and India’s Stand

The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is a landmark international treaty aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and promoting disarmament. It was first opened for signature on July 1, 1968, and entered into force on March...

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that affects social interaction, communication, behaviour, and sensory processing. It is characterized by a wide range of symptoms and levels of impairment, which is why it's called a "spectrum" disorder. ASD...

India-US Civil Nuclear Agreement 2005, Features and Importance

The India-US Civil Nuclear Agreement 2005, also known as the 123 Agreement, is a landmark bilateral nuclear cooperation agreement between the United States and India. It was signed in 2005 and went into effect in 2008. The agreement was a...

India’s Nuclear Research Programme (NRP), Three Stages, Importance and Challenge

India’s Nuclear Research Programme (NRP) was conceived shortly after gaining independence to address both the security and energy needs of the newly sovereign nation. Given India's limited uranium reserves and abundant thorium deposits, the program was designed to ensure energy...