science and tech

Expansion of Universe, Speed, Reasons, Impact

Context A recent study confirmed that two equally valid methods for measuring the universe's expansion rate yield different values, creating the "Hubble tension." Two methods to measure expansion: Cosmic microwave background (CMB) and The cosmic distance ladder, specifically observations of...

PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM) and Space Debris

Context: ISRO's PSLV-C58 mission successfully minimised space debris by transforming the spent fourth stage of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) into an orbital platform named PSLV Orbital Experimental Module-3 (POEM-3). What is PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM)? Developed by...

God Particle or Higgs Boson Particle, Discovery, Significance

Context: Physicist Peter Higgs who came up with the idea of the “Higgs boson particle” or “God particle”, has passed away aged 94. Higgs Boson Particle or God Particle The "God Particle" is a popular nickname for the Higgs boson,...

AUKUS Trilateral Security Alliance, Objectives, Members

Context: The US, UK, and Australia are considering adding Japan to the AUKUS security pact to boost Indo-Pacific defences. About AUKUS About AUKUS Launched September, 2021 What is it? Trilateral security alliance between the United States, United Kingdom and Australia....

Health Equity, Role of Different Stakeholders and Challenges

What is Health Equity? Definition: Everyone has an equal opportunity to achieve optimal health, regardless of background. Goes beyond access to healthcare, addressing social determinants of health like poverty, education, and environment Example: A child in rural poverty lacks access...

Universal Health Coverage (UHC), UN Resolution and India’s Commitment

Context: Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is critical for improving public health and economic robustness and plays a pivotal impact in achieving health equality in India. What is Universal Health Coverage (UHC)? Universal access to comprehensive, high-quality health services without financial...

Semiconductor Manufacturing in India, Need, Challenges

Context: The TATA group has partnered with Taiwan’s Power chip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) to set-up a 300mm wafer fabrication plant in Gujarat. Semiconductor chip manufacturing is limited to a few regions globally. Recent supply chain disruptions and geopolitical tensions...

Akashteer System, Purpose, Benefits, Significance

Context: The Indian Army has begun the induction of the indigenous Akashteer system to boost its air defence capabilities. Akashteer System is a cutting-edge initiative designed to automate and improve India's air defence capabilities. Developed by Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)...

Cancer Cases in India as per Lancet Commission Report

Context: As per the Lancet Commission report, cases of prostate cancer are projected to double from 1.4 million per year in 2020 to 2.9 million per year by 2040 worldwide, with low and middle-income countries predicted to see the highest...

Ozone Found on Jupiter’s Moon Callisto

Context: Scientists from around the world, including India, published a study in the journal Icarus detailing the discovery of ozone on Jupiter's moon Callisto. The research focused on recreating the chemical processes occurring on Callisto's surface when exposed to sunlight,...