science and tech civil services

Types of Intellectual Property Rights, Copyright, Patent and Trademark

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) grant creators exclusive control over their mental creations, ensuring exclusive usage for a specified period. Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes the right to safeguard moral and material interests stemming from scientific,...

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), Advantages and Disadvantages

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) grant creators exclusive control over their mental creations, ensuring exclusive usage for a specified period. Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes the right to safeguard moral and material interests stemming from scientific,...

Pharmaceutical Industry in India, Market, Advantages and Disadvantages

Indian pharmaceutical industry holds a prominent position globally, ranking 3rd worldwide for production by volume and 14th by value. Boasting a 20% share in global generic medicine supply by volume, India is the largest provider of generic medicines globally and...

Plant Genomics, Key Aspects and Advantages

Plant genomics is a branch of genomics that focuses on the study of the genetic makeup of plants. It involves the analysis and characterization of the entire set of genes (the genome) present in plants, including their organization, structure, function,...

Applications of Biotechnology, Medicine, Agriculture, Environmental Management

Biotechnology is a transformative field that harnesses biological systems, living organisms, or their components to create diverse products and processes. Traditionally, practices like brewing and bread baking exemplify biotechnology by employing living organisms, such as yeast, to achieve desired outcomes....

Ethical Issues of Biotechnology, Major Concerns and Analysis

Biotechnology, particularly in the realm of medicine (red biotechnology), engages in testing and experiments to produce desired outcomes. However, Ethical Issues of Biotechnology permeate the field, categorized into socio-economic, cultural, legal, environmental, and religious issues. Socio-economic challenges involve disruptions to...

Generic Medicine, Differences with Branded Medicines and Importance

Generic Medicine refers to medications that are produced with the same active ingredients, dosage form, strength, safety, and efficacy as their branded counterparts. These medicines are sold under their chemical names rather than with a specific brand name. Generic medicines...

Biometric Recognition Technology, Features, Applications and Challenges

Biometric Recognition Technology uses unique physical or behavioural characteristics to identify individuals, including fingerprints, faces, irises, and voices. It has applications in security, access control, and authentication, providing enhanced convenience and security. However, it also raises privacy and ethical concerns....

Types of Biotechnology and Their Applications in Detail

Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that utilizes biological systems, organisms, or their derivatives to develop or create products and processes that benefit various industries, including medicine, agriculture, environmental science, and more. There are several types of biotechnology, each with its...

Biotech Regulatory Agencies in India List, Role, Functions, Criticism

Biotechnology regulations in India are established to safeguard human safety, living organisms, and the environment. The proposed Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India (BRAI) is intended to oversee biotech product applications, including GMOs, and certify their safety for use. Currently, the...