indian society

Marital Rape, Legal Status in India and Ongoing Debate

Context: The Chhattisgarh High Court ruled that the marital rape immunity under Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) also applies to Section 377 of the IPC. What Is Marital Rape? Marital rape occurs when a spouse forces their...

Denotified Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic Tribes (DNT)

Context: The Anthropological Survey of India (AnSI) and Tribal Research Institutes (TRI) have classified 268 denotified, semi-nomadic, and nomadic tribes for the first time. About Denotified Tribes (DNTs) DNTs are communities in India that were previously listed as criminal tribes...

Supreme Court Rejects Review of Same-sex Marriage Judgment

Key Developments in Same-Sex Marriage Verdict A five-judge bench comprising Justices BR Gavai, Surya Kant, BV Nagarathna, PS Narasimha, and Dipankar Datta reviewed the petitions in chambers. The bench concluded: No “error apparent on the face of the record” in...

Evolution of Polarisation in India, Causes and Impact

What is Meant by Polarisation? It is used to describe both the division of a society into opposing groups (political polarization), and a social psychological phenomenon (group polarization) whereby people adopt more extreme positions after discussion. What are the Causes...

Minority Status in India, Eligibility Criteria and Conditions

Legal Basis for Minority Status in India Article 30(1) of the Indian Constitution: Guarantees "all minorities, whether based on religion or language, the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice." National Commission for Minority Educational Institutions (NCMEI)...

Rise of Religious Nationalism In South Asian Countries

There has been a rise of religious nationalism in the South Asian countries resulting in the destruction of both democracy and decency in their societies. There is a growing sentiment to revisit the settlement of 1947, not to promote freedom...

Secularism, Articles and Constitutional Amendment, Challenges

The court made the oral observation while hearing a batch of petitions filed by former Rajya Sabha member Subramanian Swamy and others challenging the inclusion of the words “socialist” and “secular” in the Preamble to the Constitution. What is Meant...

Diversity of India, Types, Constitutional Provisions, Associated Challenges

India is renowned for its rich diversity, encompassing a vast array of cultural, linguistic, religious, and social variations. This diversity enhances the lives of its citizens and forms an integral part of Indian society. For UPSC aspirants, understanding this diversity...

Sub-Categorization of SCs, Background and Recent Supreme Court Verdict

What was the Recent Supreme Court Verdict? Sub-Classification Permitted: The Court has authorised states to create sub-classifications within SCs and STs to better target support for the most disadvantaged. This enables separate quotas within the existing 15% SC reservation to...

New Marriage Age Law in Himachal Pradesh, Raising Women’s age from 18 to 21

Context Recently the Himachal Pradesh Assembly passed a Bill to raise the minimum age of marriage for women from 18 to 21 years. The Bill amended the Prohibition of Child Marriage (PCM) Act, which was passed by Parliament in 2006....