indian polity

Protection and Enforcement of Interests in Aircraft Objects Bill, 2025

Context: Recently the Minister for Civil Aviation tabled the Protection and Enforcement of Interests in Aircraft Objects Bill, 2025 in the Rajya Sabha. Cape Town Convention (CTC) - 2001 CTC  is an international treaty that standardizes transactions involving: Movable property...

Death Penalty in India and the Rarest of Rare Doctrine

Context: The Supreme Court (SC) did not confirm a single death sentence for the second consecutive year in 2024. Death Penalty and the "Rarest of Rare" Doctrine The Supreme Court (SC) in the Bachan Singh v. State of Punjab (1980)...

Meghalaya’s Demand for Special Provisions

Context: A regional party in Meghalaya has proposed bringing the state under the purview of Article 371 to help resume rat-hole coal mining. Rat-hole mining has been banned since April 2014 by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) due to environmental...

Governor’s Assent to State Laws and Bills, Categories and Constitutional Provisions

Context: The Supreme Court asked what Tamil Nadu Governor R.N. Ravi found so “gross” about the 12 Bills the State government sent him for assent that they were kept pending for over 3 years. Article 200: Power of Governor Related...

Election Commission of India, Articles, Functions, Powers, Provisions

The Election Commission of India stands out as one of the most critical institutions to be able to function smoothly and keep India's democracy running. Founded on 25th January 1950, the ECI is mandated with conducting free and fair elections...

Law to Protect Domestic Workers’ Rights

Context: Recently, the Supreme Court of India directed the Union government to explore the possibility of enacting a separate law for domestic workers. The Court ordered the Centre to form an inter-ministerial committee to assess the need for a legal...

1.45 Lakh Pending Contempt Of Court Cases in India

Context: The Union Law and Justice Ministry has asked all Ministries to improve the compliance of judicial orders to reduce the number of such cases pending against the government. About Contempt Of Court Contempt of court is a legal provision...

Substantive Equality in Child Marriage Laws

Context: The Allahabad High Court in Sanjay Chaudhary v. Guddan (2024) annulled a child marriage where the man was 12 and the woman was 9 at the time of marriage, under Section 3 of the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act...

Beating Retreat Ceremony 2025, Key Highlights, Origin, Significance

The Beating Retreat Ceremony 2025 marks the grand conclusion of India's 76th Republic Day celebrations. This annual event, held at Vijay Chowk, New Delhi, is a spectacular musical performance featuring military bands, symbolizing a formal end to Republic Day festivities....

Origin of Whip System, Types and Global Practices

Context: Recently Vice President Mr.  Jagdeep Dhankhar criticized the use of party whips, arguing they restrict MPs’ freedom of expression and enforce party servility. Origin of Whip System The term "whip" originates from the hunting fields of England, where a...