indian polity

Articles 12 and 13 of Indian Constitution, Definition of State & Law

Articles 12 and 13 Articles 12 and 13 are the Fundamental Rights under Part III of the Constitution of India. A State is defined by the Indian Constitution's Article 12 while Article 13 deals with the laws that are inconsistent...

Jammu and Kashmir UT, History, Capital, Map, Former Special Status

Jammu and Kashmir At the time of Independence, India as a nation comprised British India and the Princely States. The Princely States covered about 2/5th of the geographic territory. While the Indian Independence Act 1947 ceded control of British India...

Kesavananda Bharati Case vs State of Kerala, Judgement, Analysis

Kesavananda Bharati Case The Kesavananda Bharati case (1973) is the most important ruling in Indian constitutional law, it introduced the Doctrine of Basic Structure. The Court ruled that while Parliament can amend the Constitution, this power is not absolute; certain...

Borrowed Features of the Indian Constitution from Other Countries

Borrowed Features of Indian Constitution The Indian Constitution is shaped by various historical documents, events, and legal frameworks. Key sources include the Government of India Act, 1935, constitutional committee reports like the Nehru Report, and the Cabinet Mission Plan. It...

Writs in Indian Constitution, Types of Writs, Jurisdiction

Writs Writs are special legal tools meant to protect Fundamental Rights mentioned in Part III of the Constitution. They are written orders that tell someone to do something or to stop doing something. The Supreme Court can issue these writs...

Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution, Members, Chairman

Drafting Committee The drafting committee was the most important committee compared to the other committees of the Constituent Assembly. It was set up on 29th August 1947, by the constituent assembly to scrutinize the draft of the text of the...

Committees of Constituent Assembly, Major & Minor Committees List

The Constituent Assembly was established under the Cabinet Mission Plan, which proposed that members be elected by recently elected provincial assemblies instead of using a universal adult franchise. A total of 292 members were elected from the Provincial Assemblies, while...

Constituent Assembly of India, Members, Chairman, Working

Constituent Assembly The Constitution of India is the highest law of the country and outlines the powers and duties of the government. Parliament cannot override the Constitution because it is supreme, having been created by the Constituent Assembly led by...

Adjournment Motion Meaning, Purpose, Procedure & Limitations

Adjournment Motion The Lok Sabha now has a procedure called an Adjournment Motion that can be used to bring up a pressing matter. The adjournment motion pauses the House's usual activities to discuss an important issue. To introduce the motion,...

Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) Meaning, Articles, Features, Importance

What is DPSP? Articles 36-51 in Part IV of the Indian Constitution outline the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), which were influenced by the Constitution of Ireland, itself inspired by the Spanish Constitution. The Sapru Committee in 1945 categorized...