GS Paper 1

Biological Weathering Definition, Examples, Types, Causes, Agents

Biological Weathering Biological weathering is caused by living organisms. This type of weathering shows both physical and Chemical Weathering. For example, plant roots penetrate cracks in the rock and slowly break the rock mechanically. The plant roots secrete certain chemicals...

Chemical Weathering Process, Examples, Types & Diagram

Chemical Weathering Chemical weathering breaks down rocks through reactions between minerals and the environment. Here are some examples: Water: Water is the main cause of chemical weathering. It reacts with minerals like feldspar to form clay. Acids: Water contains weak...

Ocean Currents, Map, Meaning, Types, Causes, Effects, Diagram

Ocean Currents Ocean currents are the continuous movement of seawater caused by gravity, wind, and water density. Water moves in two ways: Horizontally: Horizontal movements are called currents, Vertically: Vertical changes are called upwellings or downwellings. These currents help transfer...

Ocean Tides, Causes, Classification, Significance & Diagram

Ocean Tides Ocean Tides: Seawater is not stationary but rises and falls twice a day at constant intervals. This periodical rise and fall of the sea level, once or twice a day is called a tide. Twice a day about...

Milky Way Galaxy from Earth, Shape, Types, Map, Black Hole

Milky Way Galaxy Milky Way Galaxy:  The Milky Way Galaxy, where we live is a barred spiral galaxy with at least 100 billion stars. It is about 100,000 light years wide and 1000 light years thick, with a central bulge...

Big Bang Theory, Definition, Evidences, Expansion, Missions

Big Bang Theory The Big Bang is the most popular idea about how the universe started, about 13.8 billion years ago. It began as a tiny super-dense point called a “singularity.” This point suddenly expanded and exploded making the universe...

Origin of the Universe, History, Evolution, Theories, Facts

Origin of the Universe The universe contains all of the matter and energy that exists in our environment. The universe contains millions of galaxies. Each galaxy has millions of stars and there are stars with several planets revolving around it....

Air-Masses, Meaning, Types, Formation, Classification, Diagram

Air Masses Air Masses: A large volume of air in the atmosphere that is mostly uniform in temperature and moisture is referred to as air mass. The Earth's atmosphere contains large air masses with similar temperature and moisture. These air...

Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa, History, Contribution, Satyagraha

Mahatma Gandhi, a prominent leader in India's struggle for independence, is widely recognized for his philosophy of nonviolent resistance, known as Satyagraha. Before his return to India in 1915, Gandhi spent a significant period in South Africa, where he developed...

Salinity of Ocean Water, Factors Affecting, Distribution & Significance

Salinity of Ocean Water Seawater is salty because it contains dissolved chemicals mainly from rocks and soil carried by rivers. The main source of salt in seawater is sodium chloride. The total amount of dissolved salt in seawater is called...