GS Paper 1

Coniferous Forest Biome, Characteristics, Location, Climate

The Coniferous Forest Biome, often called the "taiga" or "boreal forest," is one of the most extensive terrestrial biomes on Earth, spanning vast regions across North America, Europe, and Asia. Known for its evergreen trees and cold climate, this biome...

Bombay Presidency Association, History, Feature and Leaders

The Bombay Presidency Association was founded in 1885 by influential leaders Pherozshah Mehta, K.T. Telang, and Badruddin Tyabji. Established in response to the Ilbert Bill controversy and the reactionary policies of Governor Lytton, the association marked a significant step in...

Diversity of India, Types, Constitutional Provisions, Associated Challenges

India is renowned for its rich diversity, encompassing a vast array of cultural, linguistic, religious, and social variations. This diversity enhances the lives of its citizens and forms an integral part of Indian society. For UPSC aspirants, understanding this diversity...

Union Territories of India with Capital and History

Union territories are areas directly controlled and administered by the Central Government of India, also known as "centrally administered territories." The Andaman and Nicobar Islands were India's first union territory after independence. On 31 October 2019, Ladakh was carved out...

Freedom Fighters of India From 1857 to 1947, List and Contribution

India’s struggle for independence from British rule was marked by the efforts and sacrifices of numerous freedom fighters, who came from diverse backgrounds and ideologies. Their relentless fight against colonial oppression laid the foundation for India’s eventual freedom on August...

Climate of India, Types, Zones, Map, Factors Affecting Climate of India

Climate of India India has a "monsoon" climate, common in South and Southeast Asia. The term "monsoon" comes from the Arabic word "mausim," meaning seasons. Arab sailors used it to describe seasonal wind patterns along the Indian Ocean, where winds...

Heat Budget of Earth, Meaning, Diagram, Significance

Heat Budget of Earth The Earth's heat budget is a way to balance heat, where incoming heat from the sun (Insolation or terrestrial radiation) is absorbed and outgoing heat escapes as radiation. The sun does not heat the Earth evenly...

Aluminium Ore, Bauxite Mining, Uses, Properties, Distribution Map

In 2023, India is the fifth-largest producer of bauxite in the world, with a 0.67% increase in output compared to 2022. From 2018 to 2022, production grew at an average rate of 0.15%, and it is expected to rise by...

Biomes Meaning, Map, Types, Examples, & Facts

Biomes Meaning A biome is a large area where different living things, like plants and animals, thrive in a specific climate. The Earth has many diverse environments, grouped into biomes based on temperature, weather, and adaptations. The term "biome" was...

Koeppen’s Climate Classification System, Map

Koeppen's Climate Classification The climatic classification by Koeppen is the most widely used.  It is based on temperature, precipitation, and seasonal characteristics. The relationship of climate with vegetation is also included with it.  The world has been divided into five...