GS Paper 1

Monsoon in India, Mechanism, Importance, Retreating Monsoon

Monsoon in India Overview The word "monsoon" comes from the Arabic word "mausim," which means changing the direction of winds. Monsoons are Periodic(Seasonal) winds in which there is a complete reversal of the wind direction after every six months. In...

Seafloor Spreading Theory, Evidence, Example, Diagram

Post-drift studies, like ocean floor mapping, showed that oceanic rocks are much younger than continental rocks. Rocks near mid-ocean ridges were similar in composition and age. In the 1930s, Arthur Holmes contributed to this with his convection current theory, suggesting...

Brahmo Samaj, History, Founder, Principle and Significance

Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Dwarkanath Tagore founded Brahmo Samaj on August 20, 1828, in Calcutta as a reform of the prevalent Brahmanism of the time (specifically Kulin practices), and it started the Bengal Renaissance of the nineteenth century, which...

Socio-Religious Reform Movements History, Hindu, Muslims, Aspects and Impact

India's socio-religious reform movements were key responses to British colonialism, modernity, and the internal decay of socio-religious institutions. These movements aimed at social and religious upliftment, rectifying regressive traditions while embracing certain modern ideas. Socio-Religious Reform Movement All Indian communities...

Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn, Importance and Difference

The Earth’s geography is marked by several lines of latitude that help define climatic and environmental patterns. Among these, the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn are particularly significant as they demarcate the boundaries of the tropical zone....

India’s achievements after 75 years of Independence

As India celebrates 75 years of independence, it provides a moment to reflect on the nation’s progress and its evolving landscape. This article highlights significant achievements, historical milestones, and ongoing challenges in various sectors, offering a comprehensive overview for UPSC...

Indian Freedom Struggle, List, Phases and Impact

The Indian Freedom Struggle is a monumental chapter in the history of India, marking the nation's relentless fight against British colonial rule. Spanning over a century, this struggle saw the rise of several leaders, ideologies, movements, and events that ultimately...

Japan Earthquake 2024, Magnitude, Casualties, and Impact Analysis

On August 8, 2024, a powerful earthquake with a magnitude of 7.1 struck the southern island of Kyushu, Japan, causing significant concern across the region. The earthquake, which was recorded at a depth of approximately 30 kilometers off Kyushu's eastern...

List of Indian National Movement Phases 1857-1947 in Chronological Order

Indian National Movement helped to unite disparate people and social groups into one nation, shaping an important period of Indian history. Awareness began to emerge with the growth of English education in a few important urban areas, including Calcutta, Madras,...

Sikkim Flash Floods and Cloud Burst, Causes, Effects

What are Flash Floods? Flash floods are the most dangerous kind of floods because they combine the destructive power of a flood with incredible speed. When the amount of severe rainfall surpasses the soil's capacity to absorb it, flash floods...