GS Paper 1

Northern Plains of India, Features, Map, States, Rivers, Importance

Northern Plains of India The Northern Plains are the second-youngest region in India, after the Indian desert. They are bordered by the Shiwalik range in the north, the Desert in the west, the Peninsular Plateau in the south, and the...

Himalayan Ranges of India, Map, Names, Length, Peaks

The Himalayan Ranges The Himalayas are a young mountain range that runs along the northern border of India. They were formed when the Indian Plate collided with the Eurasian Plate. The range stretches about 2500 kilometres from west to east,...

Indus River System, Tributaries, and Sindhu River Origin

The Indus River System is considered the birthplace of many civilizations mainly, the Indus Valley civilization. The Indus River originates in the Tibetan Plateau and ends to the Arabian Sea passing through South Asia. This river contains vast fertile plains,...

Monsoon in India, Mechanism, Importance, Retreating Monsoon

Monsoon in India Overview The word "monsoon" comes from the Arabic word "mausim," which means changing the direction of winds. Monsoons are Periodic(Seasonal) winds in which there is a complete reversal of the wind direction after every six months. In...

Seafloor Spreading Theory, Evidence, Example, Diagram

Post-drift studies, like ocean floor mapping, showed that oceanic rocks are much younger than continental rocks. Rocks near mid-ocean ridges were similar in composition and age. In the 1930s, Arthur Holmes contributed to this with his convection current theory, suggesting...

Brahmo Samaj, History, Founder, Principle and Significance

Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Dwarkanath Tagore founded Brahmo Samaj on August 20, 1828, in Calcutta as a reform of the prevalent Brahmanism of the time (specifically Kulin practices), and it started the Bengal Renaissance of the nineteenth century, which...

Socio-Religious Reform Movements History, Hindu, Muslims, Aspects and Impact

India's socio-religious reform movements were key responses to British colonialism, modernity, and the internal decay of socio-religious institutions. These movements aimed at social and religious upliftment, rectifying regressive traditions while embracing certain modern ideas. Socio-Religious Reform Movement All Indian communities...

Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn, Importance and Difference

The Earth’s geography is marked by several lines of latitude that help define climatic and environmental patterns. Among these, the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn are particularly significant as they demarcate the boundaries of the tropical zone....

India’s achievements after 75 years of Independence

As India celebrates 75 years of independence, it provides a moment to reflect on the nation’s progress and its evolving landscape. This article highlights significant achievements, historical milestones, and ongoing challenges in various sectors, offering a comprehensive overview for UPSC...

Indian Freedom Struggle, List, Phases and Impact

The Indian Freedom Struggle is a monumental chapter in the history of India, marking the nation's relentless fight against British colonial rule. Spanning over a century, this struggle saw the rise of several leaders, ideologies, movements, and events that ultimately...