GS Paper 1

Climatology, Climatic Regions Classification, Factors Affecting Climate

Climatology Climatology is the study of the environment and weather patterns over time which includes things like temperature, humidity, rainfall, and wind patterns. This science looks at global weather patterns and the atmospheric factors that create them. Climatology examines the...

Tornado, Definition, Structure, Formation, Significance, Diagram

What is Tornado? Tornadoes are powerful spinning columns of air that reach from a thunderstorm down to the ground. They can cause a lot of damage, destroying buildings, flipping cars, and sending dangerous debris flying. A tornado can: Occur at...

Nickel Ore, Properties, Uses, Distribution Map

Nickel Ore Pentlandite is a type of nickel ore made of nickel, iron, and sulfur. It is very hard and can withstand erosion. It is also ductile and malleable, meaning it can be shaped easily. Another source of nickel comes...

Cobalt Ore, Uses of Cobalt (Co), Properties, Map, Facts

Cobalt Ore Cobalt ore is a hard, shiny, silver-white metal that can be magnetic. It does not react with water and is very stable in the air. Some common types of cobalt ore are Cobaltite and Skutterudite. Cobalt ore is...

Local Winds of the World, Types, Map, List of Major Local Winds

Local Winds Local winds are winds that blow over small areas covering tens to hundreds of kilometers. They happen when air moves between high and low-pressure areas like nearby oceans, lakes, or mountains, can influence these winds. Local winds can...

Seismic Waves Meaning, Types, Diagram, Comparisons

What are Seismic Waves? Seismic Waves are caused by a sudden movement of materials within the Earth, such as a fault slip during an earthquake. An Earthquake is caused by the sudden release of energy built between techtonic plates This...

Glacial Landforms, Formation, Types, Significance, Diagram

Glacial Landforms Glacial Landforms: Glacial landforms are the landforms produced by the glaciers. Most of these landforms were created when big ice sheets moved during the last ice ages. Even in places where there are not any glaciers now, you...

Hydrosphere Meaning, Diagram, Importance, Components, Impact

Hydrosphere The hydrosphere includes all the water on Earth’s surface and connects with other parts of the Earth system, like the geosphere, biosphere (life), and anthroposphere (human activity). The hydrosphere is the water that covers the Earth's surface, making up...

Landforms of the Earth, Definition, Types, Benefits

Landforms are natural or human-made features on the Earth's surface that shape the landscape. They can be big, like continents and oceans, or small, like hills and rivers. Some landforms are even found underwater, such as mid-ocean ridges and ocean...

Geomorphic Processes Meaning, Types, Diagram, Notes

Geomorphic Processes Geomorphic Processes: Landforms on Earth’s surface are constantly being created and changed by different forces. Geomorphic processes are the internal and external factors that affect the earth's materials, change them chemically, and shape the surface of the planet....