art and culture

Modern Indian Theater and Drama, Traditional Forms and Famous Personalities

Modern Indian theater, shaped by the convergence of Sanskrit, folk, and Western traditions, finds its foundational roots in the latter. Emerging in the 19th century, it grappled with pressing issues of nationalism, self-identity, and modernity. The Western influence, particularly through...

Jain Literature, Origin, Types, Swetambar and Digambara Texts

Jain literature, rooted in the ancient Indian philosophy of Jainism, encompasses sacred texts and philosophical treatises. Prominent among these are the "Agamas," comprising canonical scriptures detailing the teachings of Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara. These scriptures provide guidance on ethics,...

Sangam Literature, History, Major Works and Significance

Sangam Literature Sangam Literature, also known as "the poetry of the noble ones," refers to the ancient Tamil language and is the earliest known literature from South India. The oldest available Tamil literature is Sangam literature. The Sangam Period is...

Buddhist Literature, Types and Sanskrit Texts

Buddhist literature is a vast body of religious and philosophical texts that form the foundation of Buddhism, one of the major world religions. These texts are essential for understanding the beliefs, practices, and teachings of Buddhism. The literature is written...

Vedic Literature, Types, Shruti, Smriti and Importance

Vedic Literature refers to the ancient sacred texts that form the foundation of Hinduism. These texts are among the oldest religious scriptures in the world and are considered the authoritative source of knowledge in various fields, including philosophy, theology, science,...

Famous Modern Dramas and Dramatists in India

Modern Drama The genesis of modern drama unfolded during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, marking a departure from earlier dramatic forms. Unlike its predecessors, modern drama exhibited a distinctive focus on the lives of ordinary individuals, providing a...

Evolution of Drama in India, History, Types, Origin, Timeline

The evolution of drama in India is a rich and diverse journey that spans centuries and reflects the country's cultural, social, and historical changes. Indian drama has its roots in ancient theatrical traditions and has evolved over time, incorporating influences...

Evolution of Dance in India, Classical and Modern Periods

The evolution of dance in India is a rich and diverse journey that spans thousands of years, reflecting the country's cultural, religious, and regional diversity. Different forms of dance have emerged and evolved over time, each with its unique style,...

Differences and Similarities Between Carnatic And Hindustani Music

Indian classical music, deeply rooted in the philosophical concept of 'Naad' as the basis of all existence, traces its origins to the Samaveda, specifically the Gandharva Veda. The later Vedic period witnessed the prevalence of ritualistic music. Bharata Muni's Natyashastra...

Carnatic Music, Meaning, Origin, Instruments, Ragas

Carnatic music, deeply rooted in the southern regions of India, boasts a sophisticated theoretical foundation centred around Ragam (Raga) and Thalam (Tala). Purandaradasa (1480-1564), revered as the father of Carnatic music, systematized its methods and authored numerous compositions, codifying the...