Installation of Solar Fencing/ Ele Fence

Solar fencing is an eco-friendly security solution that uses solar-powered electric barriers to protect agricultural lands and properties from intrusions and wildlife threats.

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Context: The Kerala Forest Department has initiated the construction of a solar fence in Kannur district to prevent wild elephants from straying into human settlements.

About Solar Fencing/Ele-Fence

Ele-Fencing (Electric Fencing) refers to the use of electrified barriers to prevent animals, especially elephants, from entering human habitations or agricultural fields.
It is also called Solar Fencing when powered by solar energy.
Elephants (and other animals) receive a non-lethal shock when they stand on the ground and touch the fence.

How does a power fence work ?

Electricity needs to travel in a complete loop for a circuit to work. In an incomplete circuit, the flow of electricity will stop.
Similarly, in a single-strand fence, an electric shock will be received only when the circuit is complete.
When an elephant touches the live wire, the current can flow from the fence, through the body of the elephant, into the ground, and back to the energizer, completing the circuit and giving a non-lethal shock to the elephant.

Alternative Methods for Conflict Mitigation

Bio-fencing: Using thorny plants or chili-based fences as a natural barrier.
Early Warning Systems: SMS alerts, drones, and AI-based tracking of elephant movements.
Community Participation: Involving local communities in monitoring and maintenance of fences.