Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) were set up in which year?

Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) were set up in 1997-98 to provide quality education to ST children in remote areas.

Measures for Tribal Welfare

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In News: Finance Minister has announced some targeted schemes for tribal welfare during Union Budget 2023.

Various Schemes for Tribal Welfare

Scheme	Description
Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS)	The government plans to recruit 38,800 teachers and support staff for the 740 Eklavya Model Residential Schools in the coming three years. Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) were set up in 1997-98 to provide quality education to ST children in remote areas. Each EMRS has a capacity of 480 students, catering to students from Class VI to XII. Wherever the density of ST population is higher in identified Sub-Districts (90% or more), it has been planned to set up Eklavya Model Day Boarding School (EMDBS) on an experimental basis. It aims to provide additional scope for ST Students seeking to avail school education without residential facility.
Mission to Eliminate Sickle Cell Anaemia by 2047	The government aims to launch a Mission to eliminate Sickle Cell Anaemia by 2047. It includes awareness creation, universal screening of 7 crore people in the age group of 0-40 years in affected tribal areas, and counselling through collaborative efforts of central and state governments. Sickle Cell Anaemia is a genetic condition that causes Red Blood Cells to deform into sickle shape and break down. In absence of red blood cells, the body can’t get enough oxygen and this causes fatigue. Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is prevalent among the tribal population in India where about 1 in 86 births among STs have SCD.
PM VIshwakarma KAushal Samman (PM VIKAS)	PM VIKAS caters to the artisans and craftspeople of the country. It will particularly help the artisans coming from the SC, ST, OBC communities and the weaker sections. The scheme is developed to allow the nation’s craftsmen to enhance the caliber, scope, and reach of their goods. They will also be incorporated into the Micro, Small, and Medium-scale Enterprises (MSME) value chain. Benefits: It will unlock the potential of thousands of artists and craftspeople around the country, through the provision of skills training, technology, and the opening of credit lines to them.
PM PVTG Development Mission	Pradhan Mantri PVTG Development Mission will be launched to improve socio-economic conditions of the particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTGs). The mission aims to provide PVTG families and habitations with basic facilities such as safe housing, clean drinking water and sanitation, improved access to education, health and nutrition, road and telecom connectivity, and sustainable livelihood opportunities. The government will provide Rs 15,000 crore to implement the Mission in the next three years under the Development Action Plan for the Scheduled Tribes. PVTGs: PVTGs are the most vulnerable categories among tribal groups. They have declining or stagnant population, low literacy level, pre-agricultural level of technology and are economically backward. PVTGs inhabit isolated, remote and difficult areas in small and scattered hamlets/ habitats. 75 such groups of tribals in 18 States and 1 Union Territory have been identified and categorised as PVTGs.

Previous Schemes for Tribal Welfare

Venture Capital Fund for Scheduled Tribes
- Announced in 2022-23, the scheme aims to promote entrepreneurship among the STs, who are oriented towards innovation and growth technologies.
- It provides hand-holding support to new incubation ideas and start-up ideas by ST entrepreneurs.
- The scheme also provides concessional finance to such entrepreneurs who will create wealth and value for society and at the same time promote profitable businesses.
Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana
- The scheme provides financial assistance to state governments through a mode of options to reduce their financial burden and provide better access to education to tribal children.