Indian Star Tortoise, Conservation Status and Threats

Indian Star Tortoise

The Indian star tortoise (Geochelone elegans) is a small to medium-sized tortoise species native to the dry regions of India, Sri Lanka, and parts of Pakistan. It is named for the star-like patterns on its shell, which provide effective camouflage in its natural habitat. Check here are some key Characteristics about Indian Star Tortoise.

Key Findings of the Study

• It identified 2 genetically distinct groups of Indian star tortoises: Northwestern group: Found in arid regions bordering Pakistan & Southern group: Found in peninsular India.
• Study has also revealed that the northwestern group remains genetically stable, while the southern group has higher genetic diversity.

Characteristics

• It has a medium-sized head, hooked beak and short thick legs covered with tubercles of various sizes and shapes.
• Males have a long tail, while females have short and stubby tails.
• It is a diurnal animal that is mostly active in the morning and late in the afternoon.
• It is a herbivore.

Habitat

• It is Native to India, Pakistan & Sri Lanka.
• They inhabit arid and semi-arid regions, scrub forests, grasslands, and thorny vegetation.
• Their patterns help them blend into the dappled light and shadow of their natural surroundings.

Conservation Status

• IUCN: Vulnerable
• WPA,1972: Schedule I
• CITES: Appendix I

Threats

• Habitat fragmentation due to urbanization and agricultural practices
• Loss of genetic diversity due to hybridization
• Increasing demand as exotic pets:
  • 90% of trade occurs in the international pet market, according to the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau
• Shell Pyramiding: Captive-bred tortoises often develop pyramid-shaped shells (due to poor nutrition), affecting mating and reproduction.

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