Daily Quiz 31 December 2024
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
1 pointsWith reference to desert landscapes and geomorphological features, consider the following statements:
1. Star dunes are formed in environments with multidirectional winds, causing the dune to grow in several directions simultaneously.
2. Erg Chebbi, a prominent sand sea located in the Sahara Desert, is situated in the country of Morocco.
3. Earth’s largest star dunes are found in the Sahara Desert of Saudi Arabia.
4. The Erg Chebbi sand dunes are known for their ephemeral lakes formed during rare periods of heavy rainfall.
How many of the above statements are correct?Correct
Answer: C
Explanation:
● Statement 1 is correct: As the name suggests, star dunes radiate at least three arms outward in a star-like pattern. They form in environments with multidirectional winds, causing the dune to grow in several directions simultaneously.
● Statement 2 is correct: Erg Chebbi is a sand sea located in the Sahara Desert in Morocco. It consists of aching, rolling dunes of sand.
● Statement 3 is not correct: Earth’s largest star dunes are found in the Badain Jaran desert in western China. Star dunes also are found in places including the Namib Sand Sea in Namibia, large sand seas in Algeria such as the Grand Erg Oriental and Grand Erg Occidental, and Rub’ al Khali in Saudi Arabia. In North America, Great Sand Dunes National Park in Colorado contains a series of them.
● Statement 4 is correct: A series of ephemeral lagoons are formed after torrential rains in Erg Chebbi, a sea of star dunes in the Sahara Desert in Morocco.
○ Ephemeral lakes and ponds are basins that remain flooded for short periods of time during a year but may not hold water for several years if the rainfall regime is not suitable to produce flooding. Filling of ephemeral lakes is episodic.Incorrect
Answer: C
Explanation:
● Statement 1 is correct: As the name suggests, star dunes radiate at least three arms outward in a star-like pattern. They form in environments with multidirectional winds, causing the dune to grow in several directions simultaneously.
● Statement 2 is correct: Erg Chebbi is a sand sea located in the Sahara Desert in Morocco. It consists of aching, rolling dunes of sand.
● Statement 3 is not correct: Earth’s largest star dunes are found in the Badain Jaran desert in western China. Star dunes also are found in places including the Namib Sand Sea in Namibia, large sand seas in Algeria such as the Grand Erg Oriental and Grand Erg Occidental, and Rub’ al Khali in Saudi Arabia. In North America, Great Sand Dunes National Park in Colorado contains a series of them.
● Statement 4 is correct: A series of ephemeral lagoons are formed after torrential rains in Erg Chebbi, a sea of star dunes in the Sahara Desert in Morocco.
○ Ephemeral lakes and ponds are basins that remain flooded for short periods of time during a year but may not hold water for several years if the rainfall regime is not suitable to produce flooding. Filling of ephemeral lakes is episodic. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements:
- A chiral molecule is a molecule that is superimposable on its mirror image.
- An enantiomer is one of two chemically identical molecular species that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
- In the human body, both the amino acids used to make proteins and the DNA are right handed.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is not correct: An object that has a non-superimposable mirror image has the property of “handedness” and is said to be “chiral” and one that has a superimposable mirror image is “achiral” (doesn’t have “”handedness”). This applies to your left and right hands. They are essentially mirror images but they are not superimposable
- Statement 2 is correct: An enantiomer is defined as one of two chemically identical molecular species that are non-superposable mirror images of each other, often compared to the left and right hands. They are a special case of stereoisomers and their chirality is determined by the spatial arrangement of atoms in the molecule.
- Statement 3 is not correct: In the human body itself, the amino acids used to make proteins are all left-handed whereas the DNA is right-handed (the double-helix twists to the right)
Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is not correct: An object that has a non-superimposable mirror image has the property of “handedness” and is said to be “chiral” and one that has a superimposable mirror image is “achiral” (doesn’t have “”handedness”). This applies to your left and right hands. They are essentially mirror images but they are not superimposable
- Statement 2 is correct: An enantiomer is defined as one of two chemically identical molecular species that are non-superposable mirror images of each other, often compared to the left and right hands. They are a special case of stereoisomers and their chirality is determined by the spatial arrangement of atoms in the molecule.
- Statement 3 is not correct: In the human body itself, the amino acids used to make proteins are all left-handed whereas the DNA is right-handed (the double-helix twists to the right)
-
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
1 pointsWith reference to the Santa Ana winds, consider the following statements:
- These winds originate due to high-pressure conditions over the Great Basin and low-pressure conditions over California’s coast.
- These winds are characterized by cooling as they descend from the mountains towards the Pacific Ocean.
- These winds have a direct role in drying vegetation, making it more susceptible to wildfires.
- The occurrence of Santa Ana winds is primarily observed during the summer months.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: Santa Ana winds blow when high pressure builds over the Great Basin, the area between the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevada (a mountain range in the Western United States) and the pressure is low over California’s coast. The difference in pressure triggers the movement of powerful winds from the Basin’s inland deserts, east and north of Southern California, over the mountains toward the Pacific Ocean.
- Statement 2 is not correct and Statement 3 is correct: As the wind comes down the mountains, it compresses and heats up. The wind’s humidity also drops, sometimes to less than 20% or even less than 10%. The extremely low moisture turns vegetation dry, making it ready to burn and susceptible to wildfire.
Statement 4 is not correct: Santa Ana winds usually occur from October to January. Winter weather patterns allow high pressure to build near the surface of the Great Basin, which then interacts with low-pressure air over the Pacific
Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: Santa Ana winds blow when high pressure builds over the Great Basin, the area between the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevada (a mountain range in the Western United States) and the pressure is low over California’s coast. The difference in pressure triggers the movement of powerful winds from the Basin’s inland deserts, east and north of Southern California, over the mountains toward the Pacific Ocean.
- Statement 2 is not correct and Statement 3 is correct: As the wind comes down the mountains, it compresses and heats up. The wind’s humidity also drops, sometimes to less than 20% or even less than 10%. The extremely low moisture turns vegetation dry, making it ready to burn and susceptible to wildfire.
Statement 4 is not correct: Santa Ana winds usually occur from October to January. Winter weather patterns allow high pressure to build near the surface of the Great Basin, which then interacts with low-pressure air over the Pacific
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
1 pointsDesert Knight is a trilateral air combat exercise conducted between which of the following countries?
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Option B is the correct answer: India, France and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have conducted a major air combat exercise, “Desert Knight,” over the Arabian Sea. The operation aims to enhance trilateral defence cooperation and foster better interoperability among their air forces during complex combat scenarios.
The Indian Air Force (IAF) participated with aircraft such as Sukhoi-30MKIs and Jaguars, along with IL-78 mid-air refuellers and AEW&C (airborne early-warning and control) systems, operating from Jamnagar on India’s west coast. French Rafale jets and UAE’s F-16 fighters were deployed from the Al Dhafra air base in the UAE.
Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Option B is the correct answer: India, France and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have conducted a major air combat exercise, “Desert Knight,” over the Arabian Sea. The operation aims to enhance trilateral defence cooperation and foster better interoperability among their air forces during complex combat scenarios.
The Indian Air Force (IAF) participated with aircraft such as Sukhoi-30MKIs and Jaguars, along with IL-78 mid-air refuellers and AEW&C (airborne early-warning and control) systems, operating from Jamnagar on India’s west coast. French Rafale jets and UAE’s F-16 fighters were deployed from the Al Dhafra air base in the UAE.
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
1 pointsWith reference to India’s mineral diplomacy, consider the following statements:
- The Khanij Bidesh India Ltd. (KABIL) was established to ensure the supply of critical and strategic minerals to the Indian market.
- India is a member of the Mineral Security Partnership (MSP), which aims to strengthen critical mineral supply chains globally.
- A joint venture named IREUK Titanium Limited has been established between India and Chile for the production of titanium slag.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: Khanij Bidesh India Limited (KABIL), is a Joint Venture Company among the three Government Enterprises: National Aluminium Company Ltd. (NALCO), Hindustan Copper Limited (HCL) and Mineral Exploration & Consultancy Limited (MECL), in the ratio of 40:30:30, under the aegis of Union Ministry of Mines, Government of India, formed to ensure supply side assurance of critical and strategic minerals and mineral security of the nation.
- Statement 2 is correct: The Minerals Security Partnership (MSP) aims to accelerate the development of diverse and sustainable critical energy minerals supply chains through working with host governments and industry to facilitate targeted financial and diplomatic support for strategic projects along the value chain. MSP partners include Australia, Canada, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Norway, the Republic of Korea, Sweden, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union (represented by the European Commission).
Statement 3 is not correct: Recently, India and Kazakhstan formed a joint venture, IREUK Titanium Limited, to produce titanium slag in India. This was one of India’s first joint ventures with the Central Asian Republics. This attempt is aligned with New Delhi’s proposal to establish an India-Central Asia Rare Earths Forum to leverage the region’s rich resources.
Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: Khanij Bidesh India Limited (KABIL), is a Joint Venture Company among the three Government Enterprises: National Aluminium Company Ltd. (NALCO), Hindustan Copper Limited (HCL) and Mineral Exploration & Consultancy Limited (MECL), in the ratio of 40:30:30, under the aegis of Union Ministry of Mines, Government of India, formed to ensure supply side assurance of critical and strategic minerals and mineral security of the nation.
- Statement 2 is correct: The Minerals Security Partnership (MSP) aims to accelerate the development of diverse and sustainable critical energy minerals supply chains through working with host governments and industry to facilitate targeted financial and diplomatic support for strategic projects along the value chain. MSP partners include Australia, Canada, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Norway, the Republic of Korea, Sweden, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union (represented by the European Commission).
Statement 3 is not correct: Recently, India and Kazakhstan formed a joint venture, IREUK Titanium Limited, to produce titanium slag in India. This was one of India’s first joint ventures with the Central Asian Republics. This attempt is aligned with New Delhi’s proposal to establish an India-Central Asia Rare Earths Forum to leverage the region’s rich resources.
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