Daily Quiz 27 December 2024
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
1 pointsRecently seen in the news, GenCast is:
Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Option A is the correct answer: GenCast is a new machine-learning weather prediction model that can outperform the best traditional forecasting systems in at least some situations. Using a diffusion model approach similar to artificial intelligence (AI) image generators, the system generates multiple forecasts to capture the complex behaviour of the atmosphere. It does so with a fraction of the time and computing resources required for traditional approaches.
Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Option A is the correct answer: GenCast is a new machine-learning weather prediction model that can outperform the best traditional forecasting systems in at least some situations. Using a diffusion model approach similar to artificial intelligence (AI) image generators, the system generates multiple forecasts to capture the complex behaviour of the atmosphere. It does so with a fraction of the time and computing resources required for traditional approaches.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following are key conditions necessary for the formation of hydroxymethanesulphonate in aerosol particles?
- The presence of liquid water in a supercooled state
- High concentrations of sulphate ions
- High oxidant concentrations
- Warm temperatures above the freezing point
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) is produced in the aqueous-phase reaction of formaldehyde (HCHO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) and has been proposed as a significant contributor to midlatitude wintertime pollution events
Points 1 and 2 are correct and points 3 and 4 are not correct: Low oxidant concentrations, high water content, moderate pH, and low temperatures for typical cloud and fog conditions together with the presence of sulphur dioxide and formaldehyde (HCHO) favor HMS formation.
Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) is produced in the aqueous-phase reaction of formaldehyde (HCHO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) and has been proposed as a significant contributor to midlatitude wintertime pollution events
Points 1 and 2 are correct and points 3 and 4 are not correct: Low oxidant concentrations, high water content, moderate pH, and low temperatures for typical cloud and fog conditions together with the presence of sulphur dioxide and formaldehyde (HCHO) favor HMS formation.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements:
1. Kalyan in Maharashtra was a trading port under the Adil Shahi Sultanate.
2. Durgadi Fort was named by the Marathas after capturing Kalyan.
3. The Durgadi Fort is located on the banks of the Bhima river.
How many of the above statements are correct?
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: The Durgadi Fort is located in Kalyan, Maharashtra. The earliest references to the Durgadi Fort date to the 16th century when Kalyan was a prominent trading port under the Bijapur-based Adil Shahi Sultanate.
- Statement 2 is correct: In 1760, the Marathas captured Kalyan, and subsequently made major modifications to the fort. Notably, they built a small wooden temple dedicated to the goddess Durgadevi inside the premises, and renamed the fort Durgadi Killa.
- Statement 3 is not correct: The fort, spread out over roughly 70 acres, stands at the northeastern corner of the city, on an elevated ground next to the Ulhas river. According to historical documents compiled by the erstwhile British government, the fort has existed since 1570, with British accounts stating that it housed a “Musalman tomb, prayer place, and other buildings”.
Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: The Durgadi Fort is located in Kalyan, Maharashtra. The earliest references to the Durgadi Fort date to the 16th century when Kalyan was a prominent trading port under the Bijapur-based Adil Shahi Sultanate.
- Statement 2 is correct: In 1760, the Marathas captured Kalyan, and subsequently made major modifications to the fort. Notably, they built a small wooden temple dedicated to the goddess Durgadevi inside the premises, and renamed the fort Durgadi Killa.
- Statement 3 is not correct: The fort, spread out over roughly 70 acres, stands at the northeastern corner of the city, on an elevated ground next to the Ulhas river. According to historical documents compiled by the erstwhile British government, the fort has existed since 1570, with British accounts stating that it housed a “Musalman tomb, prayer place, and other buildings”.
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Question 4 of 5
4. Question
1 pointsWith reference to gravitational lensing, consider the following statements:
- This phenomenon was predicted by Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity.
- It occurs when light from a distant object, such as a star or galaxy, bends around a massive object in its path.
- Strong gravitational lensing can create multiple images of the same astronomical object.
- It can be used to study dark matter distribution in the universe.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Answer: D
Explanation:
- Statements 1 and 2 are correct: Gravitational lensing is a phenomenon predicted by Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity. Einstein’s general theory of relativity describes how mass concentrations distort the space around them. A gravitational lens can occur when a huge amount of matter, like a cluster of galaxies, creates a gravitational field that distorts and magnifies the light from distant galaxies that are behind it but in the same line of sight. It occurs when a massive object such as a galaxy cluster warps space and time causing light to bend, distort and magnify as it passes around the massive object. Einstein was one of the first to describe this phenomenon.
- Statement 3 is correct: Along with distorting and magnifying, the gravitational lens can produce multiple images of the same object. As the distant object’s light passes through the gravitational lens, it may take different paths. When that light emerges from the lens, we see several contorted images of a single object.
- Statement 4 is correct: Over recent years, gravitational lensing emerged as an important tool for studying dark matter, dark energy, and black holes, among many others. Gravitational lensing optical depth represents the likelihood of the formation of multiple images owing to the influence of gravitational lenses in our Universe.
Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation:
- Statements 1 and 2 are correct: Gravitational lensing is a phenomenon predicted by Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity. Einstein’s general theory of relativity describes how mass concentrations distort the space around them. A gravitational lens can occur when a huge amount of matter, like a cluster of galaxies, creates a gravitational field that distorts and magnifies the light from distant galaxies that are behind it but in the same line of sight. It occurs when a massive object such as a galaxy cluster warps space and time causing light to bend, distort and magnify as it passes around the massive object. Einstein was one of the first to describe this phenomenon.
- Statement 3 is correct: Along with distorting and magnifying, the gravitational lens can produce multiple images of the same object. As the distant object’s light passes through the gravitational lens, it may take different paths. When that light emerges from the lens, we see several contorted images of a single object.
- Statement 4 is correct: Over recent years, gravitational lensing emerged as an important tool for studying dark matter, dark energy, and black holes, among many others. Gravitational lensing optical depth represents the likelihood of the formation of multiple images owing to the influence of gravitational lenses in our Universe.
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Question 5 of 5
5. Question
1 pointsWith reference to the legal provisions protecting places of worship in India, consider the following statements:
- The Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991, prohibits the alteration of the religious character of a place of worship as it existed on August 15, 1947.
- The Ancient Monuments Preservation Act, 1904, explicitly mandates the preservation of the religious character of places of worship under government maintenance.
- Article 25 of the Indian Constitution permits the State to regulate any economic, political or other secular activity associated with a religious practice.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Answer: D
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: The Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991 was enacted to prohibit conversion of any place of worship and to provide for the maintenance of the religious character of any place of worship as it existed on the 15th day of August, 1947.
- Statement 2 is correct: The Ancient Monuments Preservation Act, 1904 states that a place of worship or shrine maintained by the Government under this Act shall not be used for any purpose inconsistent with its character.
Statement 3 is correct: Article 25 of the Constitution of India provides for the Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion. It also states that nothing in this article shall affect the operation of any existing law or prevent the State from making any law regulating or restricting any economic, financial, political or other secular activity which maybe associated with religious practice.
Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: The Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991 was enacted to prohibit conversion of any place of worship and to provide for the maintenance of the religious character of any place of worship as it existed on the 15th day of August, 1947.
- Statement 2 is correct: The Ancient Monuments Preservation Act, 1904 states that a place of worship or shrine maintained by the Government under this Act shall not be used for any purpose inconsistent with its character.
Statement 3 is correct: Article 25 of the Constitution of India provides for the Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion. It also states that nothing in this article shall affect the operation of any existing law or prevent the State from making any law regulating or restricting any economic, financial, political or other secular activity which maybe associated with religious practice.
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