Daily Quiz 25 November 2024

Answer: B

Explanation:

Option (b) is correct: The Western Ghats, also known as the Sahyadri Mountain range, is the Great Escarpment of India. The Western Ghats run parallel to the western coast of India, starting in Gujarat and ending in Tamil Nadu. It covers the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, and Kerala. The Western Ghats is a biodiversity hotspot and UNESCO World Heritage Site. It has rugged topography, steep cliffs, deep valleys, and dense forests. According to UNESCO, the Western Ghats are older than the Himalayas. By blocking rain-filled monsoon winds that arrive from the southwest in the late summer, they have an impact on the weather patterns associated with the Indian monsoon. A new fire resilient dual blooming species experiences a burst of flowering triggered by the grassland fires and has an inflorescence structure that is rare in Indian species has been discovered in the Western Ghats. Diclipterapolymorpha thrives on slopes in open grasslands of the northern Western Ghats, an area exposed to extreme climatic conditions such as summer droughts and frequent human-induced fires. Despite these harsh conditions, the species has adapted to survive and bloom twice a year. The discovery of Diclipterapolymorpha holds important conservation implications. The species’ unique adaptation to fire and its limited habitat range in the Western Ghats highlight the need for careful management of grassland ecosystems.

Answer: C

Explanation:

• Statement I is correct: Gluten is a protein network found in cereal grains. It consists mainly of two proteins: glutenin and gliadin. It forms when proteins gliadins and glutenins combine with water, creating an elastic structure. It gives dough its elasticity and chewy texture, allowing it to rise during baking.Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition that occurs when the body’s immune system attacks the small intestine’s villi in response to eating gluten

Statement II is incorrect:Gluten is difficult to break down completely, as protease enzymes struggle to digest it. Protease is an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. When undigested gluten reaches the small intestine, it can lead to gastrointestinal issues. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine.When individuals with celiac disease consume gluten, it triggers an immune response that damages the intestinal lining, leading to nutrient malabsorption and various complications. Therefore it is the inability to digest gluten that causes issues, not the immediate digestion.

Answer: D

Explanation:

• Statements 1, 2 and 3 are correct: First Ever Space Exercise ‘AntarikshaAbhyas – 2024’ hosted by Defence Space Agency starts in New Delhi. It is India’s first space war game exercise, designed to simulate and address the growing threats to and from space-based assets. DSA is a tri-service agency of the Indian Armed Forces that operates India’s space-warfare and satellite intelligence assets. (HQ – Bengaluru, Karnataka). Its purpose is to help the country fight wars in outer space. DSA draws personnel from all three branches of the Armed Forces. It works in coordination with the Defence Space Research Agency (DSRA), which provides research and development support.

Answer: A

Explanation:  COP stands for Conference of the Parties, which is an annual summit that’s part of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).It establishes the legal framework for international cooperation on climate change.The Conference of Parties (COP) 29 of UNFCCC will be held in Baku (Azerbaijan).

• Pair 1 is correctly matched:The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan in 1997 during COP 3 and came into force in 2005. It aimed at cutting GHG emissions across the developed world by about 5% by 2012 compared with 1990 levels. Kyoto Protocol is based on the principle of “common but differentiated responsibility” and is the only global treaty with binding limits on GHG emissions.
• Pair 2 is incorrectly matched:COP 15 was held in Copenhagen and concluded with the COP taking a note of the Copenhagen Accord-a five nation accord between US and BASIC countries (India, China, Brazil and South Africa). Paris Agreement entered into force after COP 21(2015) in 2016 after ratification by 55 countries that account for at least 55% of the global emissions. India signed and ratified the agreement in 2016 and as of 2019, 180+ countries have ratified it.

Pair 3 is incorrectly matched:The 27th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, was held from 6 to 20 November 2022 in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt. After intense negotiations at COP 27, representatives of the UNFCCC’s member states agreed to set up the Loss and Damage fund. Fund was operationalized at COP 28 in Dubai on November 30, 2023.

Answer: A

Explanation:

• Statements 1 and 2 are correct:The EGI is a non-profit organisation of journalists. It was founded in 1978 by KuldipNayar.The Editors Guild was founded with the twin objectives of protecting press freedom and for raising the standards of editorial leadership of newspapers and magazines. Eminent editors of the day felt that the lack of an organized forum of editors was one of the reasons for the sustained suppression of press freedom during the Emergency.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Only individuals are entitled to become members of the Guild. Institutions are not be admitted as members. All individuals, who are functioning editors of bonafide, general interest newspapers, news agencies or periodicals, shall be eligible for membership. Editors of house journals, trade magazines and the like shall not be eligible for membership. However, members of the other national bodies of editors may, at the discretion of the Executive Committee, be enrolled as members.