Daily Quiz 24th July 2024

Answer: B
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is incorrect: Many organs produce electrical signals that can be detected and measured using various techniques. One well-known example is the electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), which is used to see the electrical currents in the heart. The nerve cells in the brain also produce characteristic electrical currents. Like in an ECG, these currents can be picked up using electrodes on the body’s surface. This kind of measurement is called an electroencephalogram (EEG). Unlike an ECG, which has a pattern with spikes in it, an EEG shows multiple waves. The shape of these waves mainly depends on how active the brain currently is. Therefore EEG is used for brain and not the heart.
• Statements 2 and 3 are correct: An EEG is a test that measures your brain waves and helps detect abnormal brain activity. The results of an EEG can be used to rule out or confirm conditions, such as epilepsy, a brain tumor, or a stroke. Electrical activity in the brain appears in an EEG as a pattern of waves. Different levels of consciousness, like sleeping and waking, have a specific range of frequencies of waves per second that are considered normal. For example, the wave patterns move faster when you’re awake than when you’re asleep.

Answer: A

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: The Enforcement Directorate was founded on May 1st, 1956, and is based in New Delhi. It is also known as ED, a law enforcement organization tasked with enforcing economic laws and combating economic crime in India, such as money laundering and foreign exchange irregularities. The Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) gives the ED the authority to detain those who are accused of committing economic crimes. The ED has the authority to conduct searches and seizures of assets and real estate that have been obtained unlawfully.
• Statement 2 is correct: Investigation of instances involving money laundering and transgressions of foreign exchange laws falls within the purview of the multidisciplinary Enforcement Directorate (ED). It carries out the enforcement of numerous laws.

• Prevention of Money Laundering Act 2002
• Foreign Exchange Management Act1999
• Foreign Exchange Regulation Act 1973
• Fugitive Economic Offenders Act 2018
• Sponsoring Organizations under the 1974 Foreign Exchange Conservation and Smuggling Activity Prevention Act

Statement 3 is incorrect: ED’s Jurisdiction: Either FEMA or PMLA provide coverage for all of India. Therefore, any person to whom this Act applies may be subject to action by the ED. Cases involving FEMA might be heard in civil court, but those involving PMLA would be heard in criminal court. The agency has authority over anyone who commits a crime, whether they are a person or a business. All public personnel who participate in a money laundering offence fall under the authority of the agency.

Answer: B

Explanation: The development of various weight loss drugs has been a game changer for obesity treatment in recent years, especially in the US and Europe. But these drugs are yet to be commercially available in India, with pending regulatory clearances and high demand abroad delaying their arrival in the country.

Option (b) is correct:   The US Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) has approved Wegovy (semaglutide) and Zepbound (tirzepatide) for chronic weight management in adults. These drugs can be prescribed to those who are obese, or overweightand have at least one other health condition related to their weight (such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or type 2 diabetes). Semaglutide and tirzepatide are polypeptides, small proteins that boost the levels of naturally-occurring hormones in the body, including that of glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1), which control weight through the brain and digestive tract.

Answer: C

Explanation: Marine biologists are examining the remains of what’s believed to be a spade–toothed whale, one of the planet’s rarest marine mammals, which washed ashore Newzealand.

• Option (c) is correct: Whales are a widely distributed and diverse group of fully aquatic placental marine mammals. The spade-toothed whale is a very little-known species, the rarest species of beaked whale. Spade-toothed whales are so called due to a part of their tooth, emerging from the gum and reminding the tip of a flensing spade, which was commonly used by whalers in the 19th century. Baleen whales are the largest animals on Earth, but they feed on tiny plankton using a filter system in their mouths called baleen. Bowhead Whale has a distinctive, bow-shaped skull accounting for a third of its body length. Their high-domed, thick-boned skulls work like a natural icebreaker, enabling them to push through the frozen surface for a breath of air. The humpback whale isa species of baleen whale.

Answer: A

Explanation:  India’s wholesale inflation, measured using the Wholesale Price Index, surged to a 16-month high of 3.36 per cent.

• Statement 1is correct:The Wholesale Price Index (WPI) is an index that measures and tracks the changes in the prices of goods sold in bulk and at the wholesale level in India. It is calculated by the Office of Economic Adviser (OEA), Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India. The WPI includes prices of various commodities like primary articles, fuel and power, and manufactured products. The base year of All-India WPI has been revised from 2004-05 to 2011-12 in 2017.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: The basket of goods and services included in the WPI is selected based on their importance in the economy. The basket of goods is divided into three major groups: primary articles, fuel and power, and manufactured products. The weights assigned to each commodity in the basket of goods and services are determined based on their relative importance in the economy. Primary Articles: (22.6%)Manufactured products (64.2%)Fuel and Power (13.2%).WPI does not capture changes in the prices of services, which CPI does. In WPI, more weightage is given to manufactured goods, while in CPI, more weightage is given to food items.

Statement 3 is incorrect: WPI is used to measure inflation in the production sector, calculate Producer Price Index, and adjust prices of goods and services sold by producers and wholesalers. Consumer Price index (CPI) is used to measure inflation, calculate Cost of Living Index, and adjust salaries, wages, pensions, and government subsidies.