Daily Quiz 23 September 2024

Answer: A
Explanation:
● Statement 1 is correct: The Cheetah Action Plan (CAP) which aimed to introduce African cheetahs into India’s Open Natural Ecosystems completed its two years in September. Cheetahs in India were brought from Namibia and South Africa. The project aims to establish a viable cheetah metapopulation in the country that allows the cheetah to perform its functional role as a top predator and allows the cheetah to expand within its historic range, thus contributing to global conservation efforts. The short term goals include goals include a 50% survival rate for the first year and Cheetahs establishing home ranges etc, while the long term goals include Establishing a viable metapopulation, Improving habitat quality and prey diversity and Benefiting local economies through sustainable conservation efforts.
● Statement 2 is incorrect: Cheetah Action Plan was prepared by National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), Wildlife Institute of India (WII) and Madhya Pradesh Forest Department. An expert committee appointed by the NTCA and chaired by Rajesh Gopal has the overall responsibility for guiding the project. The NTCA and the MoEFCC are the institutions responsible for all high-level decision-making. The Wildlife Institute of India has been providing technical inputs. The Madhya Pradesh Forest Department has been responsible for the field implementation.
● Statement 3 is incorrect: The project involved moving cheetahs from South Africa and Namibia to Kuno National Park located in Madhya Pradesh. As part of Project Cheetah, 20 adult African cheetahs were brought to India from Namibia and South Africa to the Kuno National Park out of which only 12 survive now. Several cheetahs died due to pre-existing and chronic renal ailment, hypokalaemia, heart failure, heat stroke, septicaemia. In addition to the Kuno National Park, a captive breeding facility for the African cheetahs is being built in the Banni grasslands of Kachchh, Gujarat. Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh has also been mentioned as a potential site for introducing African cheetahs.

Answer: C

Explanation: 

• Statement 1 is correct: Recently the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) has reiterated that Digi Yatra will become the “de facto” process of checking-in and boarding across all airports in India. Digi Yatra app uses Facial Recognition Technology. It is a digital initiative that provides a paperless travel experience for air passengers in India. It uses facial recognition to verify passengers at key checkpoints like check-in, security, and boarding gates.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: Digi Yatra uses a Distributed Ledger and Self Sovereign Identity (SSI) to create a decentralised layer of trust between participants. Distributed ledger is a flexible system that shares and duplicates information across a network of computers. Each node on the network can view, modify, and verify the ledger. Centralised ledger has a single storage server location, which makes it more prone to security risks. Distributed ledgers use cryptographically signed and randomly generated keys to secure records. Centralized ledgers use encrypted passwords that are only as secure as the server that supplies and requests the record

Statement 3 is correct: Digi Yatra Foundation (DYF) is a Private Not for Profit Company. Biometric data is only used for authentication and verification and is deleted within a few hours of flight completion.

• Statement 1 is correct: Under Article 324of the Constitution, the Election Commission of India (ECI) is granted the authority to oversee and manage elections.  The ECI ensures elections are held before the Assembly’s five-year term ends, considering factors like weather, security, and administration.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: According to Section 15(2) of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, elections cannot be announced less than six months before the Assembly’s term ends, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The ECI works backward from the end date, considering factors like weather, security availability, festivals, training of officers, and procurement of EVMs.  Before finalizing the election schedule, the ECI consults local administration and police and attempts to align voting in states where elections are due around the same time.

Statement 3 is correct: Article 174(2)(b) of the Constitution allows the Governor to dissolve the Legislative Assembly, and the Council of Ministers can recommend early dissolution.  Once dissolved, the Election Commission must conduct elections within six months. The Governor can dissolve the Assembly if the Chief Minister requests it, or if the ruling party or coalition loses a no confidence vote.`

Answer: A

Explanation:

• Statements 1 and 2 are correct: In a quantum computer, the basic unit of memory is a quantum bit or qubit. Quantum bits, or qubits, allow the subatomic particles to exist in more than one state at the same time. Quantum computing utilises the unusual behaviour of subatomic particles, like electrons or photons, at the microscopic level. These behaviours, known as superposition and entanglement. A quantum system’s capacity to exist simultaneously in several states is known as superposition. On the other hand, entanglement refers to the capacity of a pair of qubits to exist in a single quantum state. These two characteristics enable quantum computers to perform functions beyond the capabilities of ordinary computers while using less energy.

Statement 3 is incorrect: India is developing quantum computers and has made several recent developments. India is nearing completion of its first small-scale quantum computer at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) in Mumbai. PARAM Siddhi-AI is a supercomputer installed at C-DAC, Pune. Supercomputers and quantum computers are both powerful machines, but they differ in their capabilities and how they process information. Supercomputers use classical bits. Quantum computers use qubits or quantum bits. The Government of India has been developing supercomputers since the 1980s. While quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize computing, they are still in their early stages

Answer: D

Explanation:

• Option (d) is correct: Barren Island in the Andaman and Nicobar Islandsis the only confirmed active volcano in India and South Asia. The Barren Islands are located around 140 km northeast of the Andamans capital city Port Blair. In a recent announcement, the Union Home Minister revealed that Port Blair, the capital of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, will soon be renamed Sri Vijaya Puram. The Andaman Islands were colonized by the East India Company (EIC) in the late 18th century. Port blair was named after Archibald Blair, a naval surveyor and lieutenant in the Bombay Marine. The proposed name Sri Vijaya Puram evokes a connection to the Srivijaya Empire, which flourished in Southeast Asia between the 7th and 13th centuries. The renaming of Port Blair can be seen as a recognition of India’s historical and cultural links with Southeast Asia, especially during the reign of the Chola Dynasty. The Srivijaya Empire was a dominant maritime and commercial kingdom based in Indonesia.