Daily Quiz 17 September 2024
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements with respect to the procedure of appointment of High Court Judges:
1. The proposals of names for appointment as a judge in the High Court are initiated by the Chief justice of a concerned High Court.
2. The Governor, based on the advice of the Chief Minister, sends the proposal to the President.
3. After due deliberations on such names, the union cabinet advises the President to appoint such persons as judges in the High Court.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?Correct
Answer: C
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: The proposals of names for appointment as a judge in the High Court are initiated by the Chief justice of a concerned High Court. The Chief Justice of the High Court consults two senior most judges of the High Court before proposing such names. Recommendations of HC Collegium are sent to the Governor, Chief Minister and the CJI.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: The Governor, based on the advice of the Chief Minister, sends the proposal to the Minister of Law and Justice at the Centre. The Union Law Ministry conducts a background check and sends the recommendation to CJI to consider it with the rest of the SC collegium. SC collegium consists of CJI and two senior most judges of the Supreme Court.
Statement 3 is correct: The Supreme Court collegium then considers such names recommended by the High Court collegium. SC collegium has the power to reject the names recommended by the High Court collegium. After due deliberations on such names, the union cabinet advises the President to appoint such persons as judges in the High Court. Article 217 of the constitution : Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal.
Incorrect
Answer: C
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: The proposals of names for appointment as a judge in the High Court are initiated by the Chief justice of a concerned High Court. The Chief Justice of the High Court consults two senior most judges of the High Court before proposing such names. Recommendations of HC Collegium are sent to the Governor, Chief Minister and the CJI.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: The Governor, based on the advice of the Chief Minister, sends the proposal to the Minister of Law and Justice at the Centre. The Union Law Ministry conducts a background check and sends the recommendation to CJI to consider it with the rest of the SC collegium. SC collegium consists of CJI and two senior most judges of the Supreme Court.
Statement 3 is correct: The Supreme Court collegium then considers such names recommended by the High Court collegium. SC collegium has the power to reject the names recommended by the High Court collegium. After due deliberations on such names, the union cabinet advises the President to appoint such persons as judges in the High Court. Article 217 of the constitution : Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
1 pointsThe recent rise in Mpox (formerly monkeypox) cases has been declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization. With respect to this, consider the following statements:
- It is a viral disease that primarily spreads to the human population, with rodents and primates serving as potential reservoirs.
- The first case in humans was reported in 2017 in Nigeria.
- The recent outbreak is of Clade-II Mpox which is severe type of the M-pox virus and can spread through sexual contact.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: Mpox is a viral disease that primarily spreads to the human population through zoonotic spillovers, with rodents and primates serving as potential reservoirs. Skin rash or mucosal lesions, Fever, rash and swollen lymph nodes which may lead to a range of medical complications. The virus spreads through close contact with infected individuals or animals, including contact with skin lesions, blisters, and contaminated materials. It is not airborne like influenza or COVID-19.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: The first case in humans was reported in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo. MPox is endemic to central and western Africa. Recently Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the epicentre of the Mpox outbreak received its first donation of Mpox vaccines. Since January 1, 2022, Mpox cases have been reported from 121 countries worldwide.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The mpox virus is classied into 2 main clades, clade I and clade II, with each further subdivided into clade Ia, the newly identied clade Ib (recent outbreak, which can be sexually transmitted), clade IIa, and clade IIb, the clade which was responsible for the 2022 global outbreak. Clade II is a less severe type of the M-pox virus that caused the global outbreak in 2022.
Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: Mpox is a viral disease that primarily spreads to the human population through zoonotic spillovers, with rodents and primates serving as potential reservoirs. Skin rash or mucosal lesions, Fever, rash and swollen lymph nodes which may lead to a range of medical complications. The virus spreads through close contact with infected individuals or animals, including contact with skin lesions, blisters, and contaminated materials. It is not airborne like influenza or COVID-19.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: The first case in humans was reported in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo. MPox is endemic to central and western Africa. Recently Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the epicentre of the Mpox outbreak received its first donation of Mpox vaccines. Since January 1, 2022, Mpox cases have been reported from 121 countries worldwide.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The mpox virus is classied into 2 main clades, clade I and clade II, with each further subdivided into clade Ia, the newly identied clade Ib (recent outbreak, which can be sexually transmitted), clade IIa, and clade IIb, the clade which was responsible for the 2022 global outbreak. Clade II is a less severe type of the M-pox virus that caused the global outbreak in 2022.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements with respect to Anti-microbial Resistance (AMR):
- It occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change over time and no longer respond to medicines.
- Antimicrobial-resistant germs can share their resistance mechanisms with other germs that have not been exposed to antibiotics.
- Microorganisms that develop antimicrobial resistance are referred to as Bacteriophages.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: AMR occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change over time and no longer respond to medicines making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death. As a result, the medicines become ineffective and infections persist in the body, increasing the risk of spread to others. The misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in humans, animals and plantsare the main drivers in the development of drug-resistant pathogens.
- Statement 2 is correct: To survive, germs can develop defense strategies against antibiotics and antifungals called resistance mechanisms. DNA tells the germ how to make specific proteins, which determine the germ’s resistance mechanisms. Bacteria and fungi can carry genes for many types of resistance. Alarmingly, antimicrobial-resistant germs can share their resistance mechanisms with other germs that have not been exposed to antibiotics or antifungals.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Microorganisms that develop antimicrobial resistance are sometimes referred to as “superbugs”. Bacteriophages have been highlighted as a potentially advantageous weapon in the fight against superbugs, owing to their ability to effectively treat antibiotic-resistant infections. Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are viruses that infect and replicate in bacterial cells.
Incorrect
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: AMR occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change over time and no longer respond to medicines making infections harder to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death. As a result, the medicines become ineffective and infections persist in the body, increasing the risk of spread to others. The misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in humans, animals and plantsare the main drivers in the development of drug-resistant pathogens.
- Statement 2 is correct: To survive, germs can develop defense strategies against antibiotics and antifungals called resistance mechanisms. DNA tells the germ how to make specific proteins, which determine the germ’s resistance mechanisms. Bacteria and fungi can carry genes for many types of resistance. Alarmingly, antimicrobial-resistant germs can share their resistance mechanisms with other germs that have not been exposed to antibiotics or antifungals.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Microorganisms that develop antimicrobial resistance are sometimes referred to as “superbugs”. Bacteriophages have been highlighted as a potentially advantageous weapon in the fight against superbugs, owing to their ability to effectively treat antibiotic-resistant infections. Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are viruses that infect and replicate in bacterial cells.
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Question 4 of 5
4. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements with respect to the National testing House (NTH):
- It is the leading governmental entity in India for drone certification.
- It offers testing, calibration, and evaluation services for both raw materials and finished products.
- Ministry of Defence serves as the nodal ministry for NTH.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
Statements 1 and 2 are correct while statement 3 is incorrect: The Quality Control of India has approved the National Test House as the certifying body for drones. NTH is India’s largest multi-location multidisciplinary industrial central government’s testing laboratory dealing with almost all sorts of testing, calibration and quality evaluation related to industry, commerce, trade etc. as per international and national standards. At present National Test House is providing facilities like testing, evaluation, and calibration of raw materials as well as finished products to the end users through its branches established at Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai, Ghaziabad, Jaipur, Guwahati, and Varanasi . Nodal Ministry is Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution.
Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
Statements 1 and 2 are correct while statement 3 is incorrect: The Quality Control of India has approved the National Test House as the certifying body for drones. NTH is India’s largest multi-location multidisciplinary industrial central government’s testing laboratory dealing with almost all sorts of testing, calibration and quality evaluation related to industry, commerce, trade etc. as per international and national standards. At present National Test House is providing facilities like testing, evaluation, and calibration of raw materials as well as finished products to the end users through its branches established at Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai, Ghaziabad, Jaipur, Guwahati, and Varanasi . Nodal Ministry is Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution.
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Question 5 of 5
5. Question
1 pointsConsider the following components:
- Cyber Fraud Mitigation Centre
- Samanvay Platform
- Cyber Commandos’ Program.
- Suspect Registry
- Sage platform
How many of the above are the components under Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C)?
Correct
Answer: C
Explanation:
Option (c) is correct: Recently the Union Home Minister addressed the first Foundation Day programme of the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C). There he launched 4 new components under I4C namely CFMC, Samanvay platform and Cyber Suspect Registry & Cyber Commando Programme. I4C is an initiative of the Union Ministry of Home Affairs to deal with cyber crime in the country in a coordinated and comprehensive manner. Cyber Fraud Mitigation Centre (CFMC) will bring representatives of major banks, Financial Intermediaries, Payment Aggregators, Telecom Service Providers, IT Intermediaries and States/UTs Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) on a single platform. Samanvay Platform (Joint Cybercrime Investigation Facilitation System) is a web-based module that will act as a one stop portal for data repository of cybercrime, data sharing, crime mapping, data analytics etc. for Law Enforcement Agencies across the country. Under Cyber Commandos’ Program, a special wing of trained ‘Cyber Commandos’ in States/UTs and Central Police Organizations (CPOs) will be established to counter threats of cyber security landscape in the country. A Suspect Registry of various identifiers is being created based on the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal (NCRP), in collaboration with banks and financial intermediaries. SAGE (Seniorcare Ageing Growth Engine) is program that helps identify, evaluate, and deliver products and services to senior citizens. The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment acts as a facilitator to ensure that these products and services are available to those in need.
Incorrect
Answer: C
Explanation:
Option (c) is correct: Recently the Union Home Minister addressed the first Foundation Day programme of the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C). There he launched 4 new components under I4C namely CFMC, Samanvay platform and Cyber Suspect Registry & Cyber Commando Programme. I4C is an initiative of the Union Ministry of Home Affairs to deal with cyber crime in the country in a coordinated and comprehensive manner. Cyber Fraud Mitigation Centre (CFMC) will bring representatives of major banks, Financial Intermediaries, Payment Aggregators, Telecom Service Providers, IT Intermediaries and States/UTs Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) on a single platform. Samanvay Platform (Joint Cybercrime Investigation Facilitation System) is a web-based module that will act as a one stop portal for data repository of cybercrime, data sharing, crime mapping, data analytics etc. for Law Enforcement Agencies across the country. Under Cyber Commandos’ Program, a special wing of trained ‘Cyber Commandos’ in States/UTs and Central Police Organizations (CPOs) will be established to counter threats of cyber security landscape in the country. A Suspect Registry of various identifiers is being created based on the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal (NCRP), in collaboration with banks and financial intermediaries. SAGE (Seniorcare Ageing Growth Engine) is program that helps identify, evaluate, and deliver products and services to senior citizens. The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment acts as a facilitator to ensure that these products and services are available to those in need.
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