Daily Quiz 16 April 2025

Answer: C

Explanation:

Option C is correct: Kancha Gachibowli is one of Hyderabad’s last remaining urban forests. It is rich in biodiversity, home to numerous bird, mammal and reptile species, and beautiful rock formations.

Answer: C

Explanation:

• Option C is correct: The Hadean protocrust is the name for the earth’s crust — its outermost layer — when it first formed. The ‘Hadean’ prefix refers to the planet’s first geologic aeon. At this time, within 200 million years of its genesis, the earth’s surface was partially molten and almost constantly bombarded by rocks from space. As many volcanoes also raged, the surface was very hot and hellish.
• As parts of the magma ocean cooled, the first pieces of the crust began to take shape. It was still somewhat flaky, with some parts sloughing off and new parts solidifying. The thicker parts of the crust slowly formed the first continents, which moved like plates on the asthenospheric mantle, a layer of hot, gooey rock going 400 km down.

The plates soon began drifting into each other, sometimes sliding over, sometimes diving under. Such plate tectonics have left unique chemical signatures in the crust over millennia. In fact, scientists have understood the history of plate tectonics by studying these signatures.

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is not correct: The 22nd Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified on February 27, 1951, limits U.S. Presidents to two elected terms. It was brought in response to Franklin D. Roosevelt’s unprecedented ‘four-term’ Presidency (1933–1945), which broke the ‘two-term’ unwritten precedent set by the nation’s first President, George Washington, who voluntarily declined a third term in 1796.

Answer: C

Explanation:

• Option C is correct: Bats do not fatally crash into each other every night, even in colonies of hundreds of thousands of them, squeezing out of caves to forage.
• Bats perceive their world mostly through echolocation. Many bats echolocate at once when a whole colony emerges from a cave. As a result, the calls of others are drowned out. Scientists call this loss of acoustic information “jamming”. When exiting the cave, bats experience a cacophony of calls, with 94% of echolocation being jammed.
  • Yet, aerial accidents outside caves are so rare.
  • Within five seconds of leaving the cave, bats significantly reduced the echolocation jamming.
  • Researchers found that bats made two important behavioral changes:
    • first, they fanned out from the dense colony core while maintaining the group structure
    • second, they emitted shorter and weaker calls at higher frequency. Bats changed their echolocation to a higher frequency despite more calls only increasing the problem of jamming.

The reason: a bat needs to know only about the bat directly in front. So the bats echolocate in such a way that gives them the most detailed information about only the bat in front. Though most of the information available is missed because of jamming, it does not matter because bats only need enough detail to avoid crashing into the bat in front. In other words, bats change the way they echolocate to gain detailed information about their near neighbours — a strategy that ultimately helps them to successfully manoeuver and avoid collisions.

Answer: C

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: No person who is a member of a civil service of the Union or an all India service or a civil service of a State or holds a civil post under the Union or a Slate shall be dismissed or removed by an authority subordinate to that by which he was appointed.
• Statement 2 is correct: Article 311 deals with the Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State. It states that No such person as aforesaid shall be dismissed or removed or reduced in rank except after an inquiry in which he has been informed of the charges against him and given a reasonable opportunity of being heard in respect of those charges; Provided that where it is proposed after such inquiry, to impose upon him any such penalty, such penalty may be imposed on the basis of the evidence adduced during such inquiry and it shall not be necessary to give such person any opportunity of making representation on the penalty proposed:
• Provided further that this clause shall not apply–
  • where a person is dismissed or removed or reduced in rank on the ground of conduct which has led to his conviction on a criminal charge; or
  • where the authority empowered to dismiss or remove a person or to reduce him in rank is satisfied that for some reason, to be recorded by that authority in writing, it is not reasonably practicable to hold such inquiry; or

where the President or the Governor, as the case may be, is satisfied that in the interest of the security of the State, it is not expedient to hold such inquiry.