Daily Quiz 14 August 2024

Answer: B
Explanation:
• Statement 1is correct:PradhanMantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY) is a scheme launched by the Hon’ble Prime Minister on April 8, 2015 for providing loans up to 10 lakh to the non-corporate, non-farm small/micro enterprises. These loans are classified as MUDRA loans under PMMY. These loans are given by Commercial Banks, RRBs, Small Finance Banks, MFIs and NBFCs. Under the aegis of PMMY, MUDRA has created three products namely ‘Shishu’, ‘Kishore’ and ‘Tarun’ to signify the stage of growth / development and funding needs of the beneficiary micro unit / entrepreneur
• Statement 2 is correct while statement 3 is incorrect: MUDRA stands for Micro Units Development & Refinance Agency Ltd., is a financial institution set up by the Government. Three products are created under MUDRA, as per the stage of growth and funding needs of the beneficiary micro unit.
Shishu: Covering loans up to Rs. 50,000.
Kishore: Covering loans above Rs. 50,000 and up to Rs. 5 lakh.
Tarun: Covering loans above Rs. 5 lakh and up to Rs. 10 lakh.
Loans under the MUDRA scheme are collateral-free loans. MUDRA does not lend directly to micro-entrepreneurs/individuals. The borrower can approach any of the lending institutions mentioned above(Banks. MFIs etc)

Answer: C

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: The State has the authority to make special provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes (OBCs). These provisions include reservation of seats in educational institutions, financial assistance, scholarships, and free housing.The National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) examines requests for the inclusion of castes in the Central OBC list.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: The NCBC forms a Bench to review the proposals and makes a decision on the inclusion. The NCBC then forwards its decision to the Union government.The process to include tribes in the ST list begins with the recommendation from the respective State governments, which are then sent to the Tribal Affairs Ministry, which reviews and sends them to the Registrar General of India for approval.

Statement 3 is correct: The Cabinet approves the additions and drafts the necessary legislation. After Cabinet approval and legislation, the President notifies the change.

Answer: C

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct:Eco-sensitive areas are regions that have high ecological value and are particularly vulnerable to environmental changes or human activities. These areas are often critical for biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and environmental health. are located within 10 kms around Protected Areas, National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries. These are notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) under Environment Protection Act 1986. The basic aim is to regulate certain activitiesaround National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in order to minimize the negative impacts of such activities on the fragile ecosystems.

Statement 2 is correct:The Kasturirangan committee report proposes 37 per cent of the total area of Western Ghats, which is roughly 60,000 square kilometres, to be declared as eco-sensitive area (ESA). Out of this, 20,668 sq km of the area falls in Karnataka covering 1,576 villages. The report recommended a blanket ban on mining, quarrying, setting up of red category industries and thermal power projects. It also stated that the impact of infrastructural projects on the forest and wildlife should be studied before permission is given for these activities. It also stated that the UNESCO Heritage tag is an opportunity to build global and domestic recognition of the enormous natural wealth that exists in the Western Ghats. State govt of Karnataka believes that implementation of the report will halt the developmental activities in the region.

Answer: A

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: The Government of India enacted the Disaster Management (DM) Act, 2005, which envisaged the creation of a three-tier structure comprising the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) and District Disaster Management Authorities (DDMAs).National Disaster Management Authority is the apex body for disaster management and is headed by the Prime Minister of India. It is responsible for laying down the policies, plans, and guidelines for disaster management.
• Statement2 is correct: The DM Act, 2005 mandates the creation of a State Disaster Management Authority with Chief Minister as the ex-officio Chairperson. It is responsible for laying down the State Disaster Management Policy and approving the State DM Plans in accordance with the guidelines laid down by the Union. At the district level, the District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA), headed by the District Collector/District Magistrate, is responsible for overall coordination of the disaster management efforts and planning.
• Statement 3 is incorrect: The Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill, 2024 was introduced in LokSabha recently. It aims to amend the Disaster Management Act, 2005 for enhanced disaster management capabilities. Its objectives are:
• Establish Urban Disaster Management Authorities for state capitals and large cities with Municipal Corporations.
• Strengthen the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) and State Disaster Management Authorities.

Create a “State Disaster Response Force” by the State Government.

Answer: B

Explanation: Madras HighCourt ruled that, though the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, applies only to children aged between six and 14, admissions to kindergarten cannot be denied to much younger children too.

• Statement 1 is correct: The Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right in such a manner as the State may, by law, determine. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, which represents the consequential legislation envisaged under Article 21-A, means that every child has a right to full time elementary education of satisfactory and equitable quality in a formal school which satisfies certain essential norms and standards.
• Statement 2 is correct: It specifies the duties and responsibilities of appropriate Governments, local authority and parents in providing free and compulsory education, and sharing of financial and other responsibilities between the Central and State Governments.
• Statement 3 is correct: It provides for rational deployment of teachers by ensuring that the specified pupil teacher ratio is maintained for each school, rather than just as an average for the State or District or Block, thus ensuring that there is no urban-rural imbalance in teacher postings. It also provides for prohibition of deployment of teachers for non-educational work, other than decennial census, elections to local authority, state legislatures and parliament, and disaster relief.

Statement 4 is incorrect:It prohibits (a) physical punishment and mental harassment; (b) screening procedures for admission of children; (c) capitation fee; (d) private tuition by teachers and (e) running of schools without recognition.