Daily Quiz 12 September 2024

Answer: A
Explanation: The Union Government is planning to bring out a national policy on Farmer Producer Organisations.
● Statements 1 and 2 are correct: A Producer Organisation (PO) is a legal entity formed by primary producers, viz. farmers, milk producers, fishermen, weavers, rural artisans, craftsmen. A PO can be a producer company, a cooperative society or any other legal form which provides for sharing of profits/benefits among the members. In some forms like producer companies, institutions of primary producers can also become member of PO. Farmers Producer Organisation (FPO) is one type of PO where the members are farmers. Small Farmers’ Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC) is providing support for promotion of FPOs. PO is a generic name for an organization of producers of any produce, e.g., agricultural, non-farm products, artisan products, etc.
● Statement 3 is incorrect: The ownership of the PO is with its members. Any individual or institution can promote a PO. Individual persons or institutions may promote PO using their own resources out of goodwill or with the noble objective of socioeconomic development of producers. If, however, the facilitating agency wishes to seek financial and other support, then they have to meet the requirements of the donor/financing agency. The NGO may be a non-profit organization, but not the PO. The NGO can promote PO which will provide better income to the members. Sharing of profit among members is an important objective of the PO. NABARD, SFAC, Government Departments, Corporates and Domestic & International Aid Agencies provide financial and/or technical support to the Producer Organisation Promoting Institution (POPI) for promotion and hand-holding of the PO.

Answer: B

Explanation:

• Statement I is correct: Cyclone Asna, which originated as a depression over Gujarat, formed over the Arabian Sea recently, marking only the fourth such occurrence in August since 1891. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) said that the deep depression over the Kutch coast and adjoining areas of Pakistan and Northeast Arabian Sea intensified into a cyclonic storm. Cyclone Asna is the first cyclone to form in August in the North Indian Ocean (NIO) region since 1981 and the first in the Arabian Sea since 1976.
• Statement II is correct: The formation and initial development of a cyclonic storm depends upon various conditions. These are: A warm sea (a temperature in excess of 26 degrees Celsius to a depth of 60 m) with abundant and turbulent transfer of water vapour to the overlying atmosphere by evaporation, and atmospheric instability encouraging formation of massive vertical cumulus clouds due to convection with condensation of rising air above ocean surface. A tropical cyclone begins to weaken in terms of its central low pressure, internal warmth and extremely high speeds, as soon as its source of warm moist air begins to ebb, or is abruptly cut off. This happens after its landfall or when it passes over cold waters.

Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I: Cyclone Asna is an extraordinary meteorological event due to its unusual origin and development. Unlike typical cyclones that form over warm ocean waters, Asna developed over land in Rajasthan, moved through North Gujarat, and then intensified upon reaching the Arabian Sea.

Answer: C

Explanation:

• Statement I is correct: ONGC Videsh (OVL) has requested special permission from the USA based on the Chevron Model to manage its oil projects in Venezuela. Chevron model allows foreign oil companies to operate in Venezuela despite U.S. sanctions. It involves receiving specific licences from the S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) to bypass sanctions that restrict the use of American financial systems and services.

Statement II is incorrect: Chevron was the first major U.S. company to use this route to operate in Venezuela under sanctions. OFAC License allows foreign companies significant control over the finances, operations, production, and marketing of oil from Venezuelan projects.