Daily Quiz 09 September 2024

Answer: C

Explanation: 

Statements (a), (b) and (d) are correct while Statement (c) is incorrect:  Cloud seeding  is a scientific process that improves a cloud’s ability to make rain or snow, as well as control other weather events. It is a weather modification technique that improves a cloud’s ability to produce rain or snow by introducing tiny ice nuclei into certain types of subfreezing clouds. These nuclei provide a base for snowflakes to form. Cloud seeding can be done from ground-based generators or aircraft. Most cloud seeding operations, including those run by use a compound called silver iodide (AgI) to aid in the formation of ice crystals. Silver iodide exists naturally in the environment at low concentrations, and is not known to be harmful to humans or wildlife. Silver iodide acts like a tiny ice crystal around which moisture can gather. Moisture is already present in the clouds, Silver iodide makes it easy for clouds to turn its moisture into rain. Artificial rain increases the humidity in the air. Humidity helps to trap pollutants and prevent them from dispersing thus decreasing air pollution levels. Cloud seeding can help disperse smog and haze, making the air clearer and more breathable

Answer: A

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: The PM Schools for Rising India (PM SHRI) scheme is a centrally sponsored scheme by the Government of India, under the Department of School Education and Literacy. Recently, the Education Ministry has stopped releasing Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) funds to Delhi, Punjab, and West Bengal as these states have not implemented the PM SHRI (PM Schools for Rising India) program. Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is a central government programme aimed at improving school education

Statements 2 and 3 are incorrect: Under the scheme there is provision of setting up of more than 14500 PM SHRI Schools (PM Schools for Rising India) by strengthening the existing schools from amongst schools managed by Central government/State/UT Government/local bodies. The duration of scheme is proposed to be from 2022-23 to 2026-27; after which it shall be the responsibility of the States/UTs to continue to maintain the benchmarks achieved by these schools. These schools will serve as model institutions demonstrating the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP) components and provide mentorship to neighbouring schools. PM SHRI Schools will be developed as Green Schools with environment-friendly practices.

Answer: D

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: An account aggregator (AA) framework is a financial technology (FinTech) concept that allows users to share their financial data with financial institutions securely and seamlessly. The framework is based on the concept of a user’s explicit consent, and the AA will not share or retrieve any financial information without the user’s consent. It is a system designed to consolidate and share financial data securely with user consent, thereby improving credit access for small firms and individuals.
• Statement 2 is correct: ULI by RBI facilitates seamless flow of digital information, including land records of various states, from multiple data service providers to lenders. It is expected to cater to large unmet demand for credit across various sectors, particularly among agricultural and MSME borrowers. The ULI architecture has common and standardised APIs designed for a plug-and-play approach to ensure digital access to information from diverse sources, i.e., information relevant to a lender giving out a loan to a potential borrower.

Statement 3 is correct: OCEN is a framework of APIs for interaction between lenders, loan agents, collection and disbursement partners, derived data providers and account aggregators. It allows remote lenders to operate in distant areas and permits consented access to alternate sources of data. OCEN has been used so far to give short-tenor loans ranging from Rs 168 to Rs 10 lakh. The average ticket size is Rs 40,000 over a 60-90 day tenor. Tenor refers to the time taken to repay with interest. OCEN is strictly to enable cash flow-based lending to MSMEs.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Option (b) is correct: Rule 170 of the Drugs and Cosmetic Act prohibits AYUSH drug manufacturers from advertising their products without approval and allotment of a unique identification number from the state licensing authority. The manufacturers have to submit details such as textual references and rationale for the medicine from authoritative books, indication for use, evidence of safety, effectiveness, and quality of drugs. The rule states that the application will be rejected if the manufacturer does not provide their contact details, if the contents of the advertisement are obscene or vulgar, products for enhancement of male or female sexual organs, depicts photographs or testimonials from celebrities or government officials, refers to any government organisation, gives false impression or makes misleading or exaggerated claims. Like allopathic medicines, manufacturers of AYUSH drugs also have to seek a license from the drug controller. As per the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, phase I, II, and III trials for approval of new allopathic medicines or equivalence studies for generic versions have to be conducted before a drug is cleared for marketing. However, such trials are not necessary for AYUSH drugs. According to the aforementioned act, most AYUSH drugs can be approved simply based on the rationale provided in authoritative texts of that particular stream. AYUSH stands for Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa Rigpa, and Homoeopathy

Answer: B

Explanation: 

• Statement 1 is incorrect: DDTs are scientific methods used to find out if someone is lying during interrogation. These tests include narco-analysis, polygraph tests, and brain mapping. In the Polygraph test, physiological responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and sweat are measured. Narco Analysis is a diagnostic technique that involves injecting Sodium pentothal (also referred as truth serum) into an accused person to induce a hypnotic state. In Brain mapping, electrodes and sensors attached to the brain track electrical activity in the brain and detect specific waves that appear only if the suspect has a connection to the stimuli.
• Statement 2 is correct: Before 2010, Indian courts supported use of DDTs in investigations without requiring consent of the accused. In Selvi v. State of Karnataka (2010), the Supreme Court held that these tests could only be conducted with the consent of the accused, citing the right against self-incrimination under Article 20(3) of the Constitution. Article 20(3) of the constitution says that “No one can be forced to give witness against themselves”.

Statement 3 is correct:  The results of DDTs are not admissible as primary evidence in court. However the results can be used to support other evidence or to help obtain admissible evidence.