Barak River

• The Barak River originates from the Japvo mountain in the Manipur hills.
• Before entering Bangladesh, it flows through the northeastern states of Manipur, Nagaland, Mizoram, and Assam.

Barak River Tributaries

• The river has several tributaries, including:
  • Jiri, Dhaleswari, Singla, Longai, Sonai, and Katakhal.

Importance and Geography

• The Barak River is the second-largest river in Northeast India, following the Brahmaputra.
• In Bangladesh, it splits into two branches, the Surma and Kushiyara, eventually merging to form the Meghna River.
• The Meghna receives the combined flow of the Ganga and Brahmaputra, making it a major river system.

Navigational Significance

• A portion of the river between Lakhipur and Bhanga is navigable and designated as National Waterway 6 (NW-6), enhancing regional connectivity.

Biodiversity

• The Gangetic River Dolphin (Susu), an endangered species, is found in the Barak River, underscoring its ecological importance.

Hydro Projects

• Major hydroelectric and irrigation projects associated with the river include:
  • Tipaimukh Dam Project (a controversial dam for flood control and hydroelectricity).
  • Tista Champamati and Dhansiri barrages, contributing to irrigation and water management.

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