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What is an Artesian Well?

Context: Recently, Taranagar village in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, experienced a unique phenomenon as large amounts of water gushed from underground. A Senior Hydro-Geologist attributed this to an artesian condition.

About Artesian Well

  • It is a well that brings groundwater to the surface without pumping because of pressure from an aquifer. (Artesian Aquifer)
  • Artesian aquifer refers to water stored under pressure between impermeable layers of rock and sediment.
  • The water is “confined” and does not require external force to emerge, unlike regular tube wells or wells.
  • Underground water in an artesian aquifer is surrounded by poorly permeable rocks that create high pressure. A rupture, such as drilling, causes the pressurized water to flow upward to the surface.

Artesian Well

Why Did Water Emerge in the Desert?
  • Geological Context in Jaisalmer: In the desert, water is stored beneath layers of sandstone. When the top layer is punctured, the underground pressure forces water to flow upwards.
  • Global Examples: Similar phenomena have been recorded in desert regions of Australia and Africa.

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Sakshi Gupta is a content writer to empower students aiming for UPSC, PSC, and other competitive exams. Her objective is to provide clear, concise, and informative content that caters to your exam preparation needs. She has over five years of work experience in Ed-tech sector. She strive to make her content not only informative but also engaging, keeping you motivated throughout your journey!